The pronouns that join the end of a word
The seven commonest pronouns the Qur’ān writes as part of a word, after a verb, a noun or a small word: they, you, he, we, I and she.
Yapay zekâ tarafından yazıldı ve kontrol edildi
Bu dersler yapay zekâ tarafından yazılmış ve kontrol edilmiştir; henüz hiçbir Arapça öğretmeni onları okumamıştır. Ayetler, anlamları ve her kelimenin tahlili kaynaklarından alınmıştır; kaynaklar, gösterildikleri yerde belirtilir.
Bu ders yalnızca İngilizce ve Bengalce yazılmıştır, bu yüzden burada İngilizce gösterilir.
- Tamamı bilinen Kur’an kelimeleri
- %3,5
- Şimdiye kadar öğretilen Kur’an kelime parçaları
- %39,6
Quranic Arabic Corpus’a göre sayılır: bir kelimenin her parçası öğretildiğinde kelimenin tamamı bilinir. Sayılar hangi kelimelerle karşılaştığınızı söyler, ne kadar anladığınızı değil.
The last lesson's words join the front of a word. This lesson's join its end. They are pronouns, the words for "they", "you", "he", "we", "I" and "she", and the Qur’ān writes them as part of the word before them.
Two of them, "they" and "you" for more than one, are among the five commonest parts of the Qur’ān's words, and "he" is among the ten commonest. With the last lesson's words, they are much of what holds a sentence together.
The new words
- وا۟Kur’an’ın yazdığı şekliyle: وا۟ · ونَ · هُمْ
they (as the doer of a verb); them, their
Kur’an’da geçme sayısı: 7366
- كُمْKur’an’ın yazdığı şekliyle: كُمْ · وا۟ · ونَ
you, your (more than two)
Kur’an’da geçme sayısı: 4645
- هُۥKur’an’ın yazdığı şekliyle: هُۥ · هُ · هِ
him, his; it, its
Kur’an’da geçme sayısı: 2727
- نَاKur’an’ın yazdığı şekliyle: نَا · نَٰ · نَآ
we (as the doer of a verb); us, our
Kur’an’da geçme sayısı: 2347
- كَKur’an’ın yazdığı şekliyle: كَ · تَ · تَّ
you, your (one man)
Kur’an’da geçme sayısı: 1300
- ىKur’an’ın yazdığı şekliyle: ى · تُ · نِى
me, my; I (as the doer of a verb)
Kur’an’da geçme sayısı: 1239
- هَاKur’an’ın yazdığı şekliyle: هَا · هَآ
her; it, its (for a word that is feminine)
Kur’an’da geçme sayısı: 1062
The corpus names each pronoun by three things: its person (the speaker, the one spoken to, or someone else), its gender and its number, in that order. "3MP" is third person, masculine, plural: "they", "them", "their". The table shows the ways the Qur’ān writes each one: a pronoun can take one shape when it is the one who does a verb's action, and another when the action is done to it or when it follows a noun.
Joined to a verb
A pronoun joined to a verb can be the one who does the action, or the one it is done to.
- أَعْطَيْ
- نَٰwe (as the doer of a verb); us, our
- كَyou, your (one man)
This one word has three parts: a verb, aʿṭā, then nā, "we", the ones who give, and then ka, "you", the one given to. In Arabic a whole sentence can be one written word.
- ٱهْدِ
- نَاwe (as the doer of a verb); us, our
Here nā is joined to a verb in the imperative, the form that tells or asks someone to do something, and it is the one the action is done to: "us".
Joined to a small word
A pronoun can also join the small words of the next lesson, the words for "in", "on" and "to".
- فِيin, about
- هِhim, his; it, its
Fīhi is fī, "in", and hi, "it": "in it". The corpus calls this pronoun third person, masculine, singular, the same pronoun as "his" and "him".
- عَلَيْon, upon, over, against
- هِمْthey (as the doer of a verb); them, their
ʿAlayhim is ʿalā, "on", and him, "them". This pronoun is written hum or him by the sound before it; both are the same pronoun.
Joined to a noun
Joined to a noun, a pronoun says whose it is: "his", "our", "my".
Our house is near.
This sentence was written for practice. Baytunā is bayt, "house", and nā, "our".
Reading
Bu dersten sonra tamamını bildiğiniz kelimeler işaretlenmiştir.
Ahiret de dünya da Allah’ındır.
Turkish Translation - Rowwad Translation Center · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.4Artık, (sadece) Allah’a secde edin. O’na ibadet edin.
Turkish Translation - Rowwad Translation Center · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.4Recall
- In the word aʿṭaynāka, which part is "we" and which is "you"?
- What does "3MP" stand for?
- In fīhi, what is hi?
Answers: nā is "we" and ka is "you"; third person, masculine, plural; the pronoun "it" (third person, masculine, singular), joined to fī.
Next
The next lesson teaches the small words of place and direction: "from", "in", "on", "to" and "about".
Kelime tahlili: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)