Mawlud · 01 kati ya 08
Kadi za pochi
Mtoto Mchanga
المولودThe Newborn Child
Uhakiki wa wanazuoni: unasubiriwa
Maandishi haya yanatoka kwenye maktaba ya machapisho ya Sabīl. Uhakiki wake wa wanazuoni bado unaendelea; kila kipengele kitaonyesha majina ya wahakiki wake na tarehe mara tu wanazuoni wawili watakapokitia saini.
Tafsiri ya rasimu: imetengenezwa na mashine kutoka Kiarabu na Kiingereza, na bado haijasomwa na mwanazuoni wala mhariri mzawa wa lugha. Pale mstari usipoeleweka, onyesha Kiingereza na utegemee Kiarabu.
Mistari inayohusu hukumu huonyeshwa kila mara pamoja na Kiingereza cha chapa chini yake. Mstari ambao rasimu yake haikupita ukaguzi huonyeshwa kwa Kiingereza pekee.
Mchanga na Mtoto
الْمَوْلُودُ
Al-mawlūd
Siku saba za kwanza, na miaka inayofuata. Kila mtoto huzaliwa katika fitra.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
The first seven days, and the years that follow. Every child is born upon the fiṭrah.
2 · Saa za kwanza
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
2 · The first hours
3 · Siku ya saba — akika
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
3 · The seventh day — ‘aqīqah
4 · Kumpa mtoto jina
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
4 · Naming the child
5 · Yanayosomwa juu yao
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
5 · What is said over them
6 · Kunyonyesha na uhusiano wa maziwa
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
6 · Nursing & the milk bond
7 · Swala, kwa umri
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
7 · Prayer, by age
8 · Haki za mtoto
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
8 · Rights of the child
Ḥ · M · S · Ḥb hutajwa pale wanapotofautiana.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Ḥ · M · S · Ḥb noted where they differ.
02Saa za kwanza
Adhana
Huadhiniwa kwa sauti ya chini katika sikio la kulia la mtoto mchanga, ili neno la kwanza kumfikia liwe utukufu wa Allah.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Called softly in the newborn’s right ear, so that the first word to reach them is the greatness of Allah.
Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi · hasan kwa vitegemeo vyake — desturi ya Maswahaba na ya madhehebu manne. Riwaya inayoongeza ikama katika sikio la kushoto ni dhaifu.
Tahniki
Tende kidogo, iliyolainishwa na kusuguliwa kwenye kaakaa na mtu mwema, ambaye kisha humwombea mtoto dua na kumwomba Allah ambariki. Pale ambapo hakuna tende, chochote kitamu.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
A little date, softened and rubbed on the palate by a righteous person, who then makes du‘ā for the child and asks Allah to bless them. Where no date is at hand, anything sweet.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi — yeye ﷺ alimfanyia hivi mwana wa Abu Talha na akampa jina la Abdullah.
Kuwapongeza wazazi
بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فِي الْمَوْهُوبِ لَكَ، وَشَكَرْتَ الْوَاهِبَ، وَبَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ، وَرُزِقْتَ بِرَّهُ
Bārakallāhu laka fil-mawhūbi lak, wa shakartal-wāhib, wa balagha ashuddah, wa ruziqta birrah
Allah akubariki katika ulichotunukiwa; umshukuru Mwenye kutunuku, mtoto afikie kukomaa kwake, na uruzukiwe wema wake.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
May Allah bless you in the gift given to you; may you give thanks to the Giver, may the child reach full strength, and may you be granted their devotion.
Imepokelewa kutoka kwa al-Hasan al-Basri, imenukuliwa na an-Nawawi katika al-Adhkar. Hakuna kilichowekwa kwa ajili ya kuoga kwa mara ya kwanza, kitovu, wala kutengeneza kitanda cha mtoto.
03Siku ya saba
Mambo matatu hukutana siku ya saba: kuchinja, kumpa jina, na kunyoa kichwa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Three things fall together on the seventh day: the sacrifice, the naming, and the shaving of the head.
Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, Nasa’i · sahihi — “Kila mtoto amewekwa rehani kwa akika yake.”
Akika
Kondoo wawili kwa mtoto wa kiume, mmoja kwa wa kike — na mmoja kwa wa kiume anatosha pale uwezo unapokuwa mdogo.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Two sheep for a boy, one for a girl — and one for a boy suffices where means are short.
Ni sunna muakkada kwa mujibu wa M, S na Ḥb; ni jambo jema la hiari kwa mujibu wa Ḥ.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
A sunnah mu’akkadah per M, S and Ḥb; a voluntary good per Ḥ.
Masharti ni yale yale ya udhhiya: umri na kutokuwa na kasoro.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Same conditions as the uḍḥiyah: age and freedom from defect.
Ikikosekana siku ya saba, inaweza kufanywa siku ya kumi na nne, ya ishirini na moja, au wakati wowote mtu anapoweza.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Missed on the seventh, it may be done on the fourteenth, the twenty-first, or whenever able.
Huliwa, hutolewa zawadi, na hutolewa sadaka. Usivunje mifupa yake bila haja.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Eaten, given as gifts, and given in charity. Do not break its bones needlessly.
Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi · sahihi — hadithi ya Umm Kurzـؓ
Kunyoa na sadaka
Kichwa hunyolewa na uzito wa nywele kwa fedha hutolewa sadaka. Kinyoe chote au usikinyoe kabisa — kuacha mabaka ni haramu.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
The head is shaved and the weight of the hair in silver is given in charity. Shave it wholly or not at all — leaving patches is forbidden.
Muwatta’ · sahihi — Fatima alizipima nywele za al-Hasan na akatoa uzito wake kwa fedha. Kuwatahiri watoto wa kiume ni katika fitra, na kunaweza kufanywa mapema.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Muwaṭṭa’ · authentic — Fāṭimah weighed the hair of al-Ḥasan and gave its weight in silver. Circumcision of boys is from the fiṭrah, and may be done early.
04Jina
Mtoto ataitwa kwa jina hilo Siku ya Kiyama, na kwa jina la baba yake. Chagua kwa makini.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
A child will be called by it on the Day of Resurrection, and by their father’s name. Choose with care.
Yanayopendwa zaidi
عَبْدُ اللَّهِ · عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَٰنِ
‘abdullāh · ‘abdur-raḥmān
Muslim · sahihi. Kisha majina ya manabii, na ya wema waliotutangulia.
Yasiyoruhusiwa
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Not permitted
Jina lolote la uja kwa asiyekuwa Allah.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Any name of servitude to other than Allah.
Majina yanayomhusu Allah peke yake — al-Khaliq, ar-Rahman, al-Ahad.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Names belonging to Allah alone — al-Khāliq, ar-Raḥmān, al-Aḥad.
Malik al-Muluk, Mfalme wa wafalme.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Malik al-Mulūk, King of kings.
Yaliyo makuruhu
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Disliked
Majina yanayodai utakaso kwa mwenye nalo, na majina yenye maana mbaya. Mtume ﷺ aliyabadilisha kadhaa — Barra alimpa jina la Zaynab, na Asiya alimpa jina la Jamila.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Names claiming purity for their bearer, and names of ill meaning. The Prophet ﷺ changed several — Barrah he renamed Zaynab, and ‘Āṣiyah he renamed Jamīlah.
Muslim · sahihi
Kumpa jina siku ya kuzaliwa pia kumethibiti, na siku ya saba si sharti. Mtoto hunasibishwa kwa baba yake; pale ambapo hajulikani, huitwa ndugu wa mtu katika imani, kamwe hapewi nasaba ya uongo.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Naming on the day of birth is also established, and the seventh day is not a condition. A child is attributed to their father; where he is unknown, they are named as one’s brother in faith, never given a false lineage.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi; Q 33:5
05Yanayosomwa juu yao
Kumwombea mtoto kinga
أُعِيذُكَ بِكَلِمَاتِ اللَّهِ التَّامَّةِ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْطَانٍ وَهَامَّةٍ، وَمِنْ كُلِّ عَيْنٍ لَامَّةٍ
U‘īdhuka bi-kalimātillāhit-tāmmati min kulli shayṭānin wa hāmmah, wa min kulli ‘aynin lāmmah
Ninakukinga kwa maneno ya Allah yaliyotimia, kutokana na kila shetani na kila mdudu wa sumu, na kutokana na kila jicho la husuda.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
I seek protection for you in the perfect words of Allah, from every devil and every creeping thing, and from every envious eye.
Bukhari · sahihi — yeye ﷺ aliyasoma juu ya al-Hasan na al-Husayn, na akasema Ibrahim aliyasoma juu ya Ismail na Is-haq. Kwa wawili, sema u‘īdhukumā; kwa msichana, u‘īdhuki.
Usiku
Wasomee al-Fatiha, Ayatul-Kursi na Qul tatu, ukipuliza kidogo viganjani na kupangusa unapoweza kufikia mwilini.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Recite al-Fātiḥah, Āyat al-Kursī and the three quls over them, blowing lightly into the palms and wiping what you can reach of the body.
Bukhari · sahihi
Hirizi, nyuzi na talasimu zinazotundikwa kwa mtoto ni haramu, hata pale maneno ya Qur’ani yanapoandikwa juu yake — kinga inayotafutwa imo katika maneno yanayosomwa, si katika kitu kinachovaliwa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Amulets, threads and charms hung on a child are forbidden, even when Qur’ānic words are written on them — the protection sought is in the words recited, not in an object worn.
Ahmad, Ibn Hibban · sahihi
06Kunyonyesha
Miaka miwili kamili kwa anayetaka kukamilisha kunyonyesha. Kumwachisha ziwa mapema kwa maridhiano kunaruhusiwa, na hakuna lawama juu yake.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Two full years for whoever wishes to complete the nursing. Weaning earlier by mutual consent is permitted, and no blame attaches to it.
Q 2:233
Uhusiano wa maziwa
Mwanamke anayemnyonyesha mtoto huwa mama yake katika uharamu — na mumewe huwa baba yake, watoto wake huwa ndugu zake. Ndoa kati yao huwa haramu tangu hapo maisha yote.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
A woman who nurses a child becomes their mother in prohibition — and her husband their father, her children their siblings. Marriage between them is thereafter forbidden for life.
S na Ḥb — manyonyesho matano tofauti ya kushibisha ndiyo yanayouthibitisha.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
S and Ḥb — five separate satisfying feeds establish it.
Ḥ na M — kiasi chochote kinachofika tumboni kinauthibitisha.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Ḥ and M — any amount that reaches the stomach establishes it.
Wote wanne hushurutisha yatokee ndani ya miaka miwili ya kwanza.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
All four require it to occur within the first two years.
Muslim · sahihi — “Kunyonya kunaharamisha kile ambacho kuzaliwa kunaharamisha.”
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Muslim · ṣaḥīḥ — “Suckling prohibits what birth prohibits.”
Weka kumbukumbu. Pale mtoto anaponyonyeshwa na jamaa, rafiki, au kwa maziwa yaliyotolewa msaada, andika ni nani aliyemnyonyesha na lini. Familia zimegundua uhusiano huu wakati wa ndoa tu, pale ilipokuwa imechelewa mno kuutengua.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Keep a record. Where a child is fed by a relative, a friend, or from donated milk, write down who fed them and when. Families have discovered the bond only at the point of marriage, when it was too late to undo.
Baba anawajibika kumpa mama anayenyonyesha matumizi yake, awe ni mke wake au ameachwa — Q 65:6.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
A father owes the nursing mother her maintenance, whether she is his wife or divorced — Q 65:6.
07Swala, kwa umri
Waamrishe wakifika miaka saba, na wakifika kumi wasimamie kwa mkazo — na utenganishe mahali pao pa kulala.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Command them at seven, and at ten enforce it — and separate their sleeping places.
Abu Dawud · hasan
Kabla ya miaka saba
Hakuna faradhi. Waache wasimame kando yako na kuiga. Wafundishe al-Fatiha na sura fupi kwa kuzisikia kila siku.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
No obligation. Let them stand beside you and imitate. Teach al-Fātiḥah and the short sūrahs by hearing them daily.
Miaka saba
Huelekezwa kuswali. Wafundishe udhu ipasavyo, nyakati, na maneno. Sifu zaidi kuliko unavyosahihisha.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Instructed to pray. Teach wuḍū properly, the times, and the words. Praise more than you correct.
Miaka kumi
Hushikishwa kwa mkazo. Wavulana huhudhuria swala ya jamaa. Mahali pa kulala hutenganishwa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Held to it firmly. Boys attend the congregation. Sleeping places are separated.
Balehe
Sasa ni faradhi juu yao wenyewe, pamoja na saumu. Hujulikana kwa ndoto ya kwanza ya kutokwa na manii, au hedhi kwa msichana, au kuota nywele ngumu — na kwa miaka kumi na tano pale ambapo hakuna alama iliyojitokeza.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Now obligatory in their own right, and fasting with it. Marked by the first wet dream, or menstruation in a girl, or the growth of coarse hair — and at fifteen where no sign has appeared.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi — Ibn Umarـؓ alihukumiwa kuwa amefikia umri akiwa na miaka kumi na tano. Hakuna analolifanya mtoto kabla ya balehe linaloandikwa dhidi yake.
08Haki zao
Jina zuri, na nasaba inayojulikana.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
A good name, and a known lineage.
Matumizi — chakula, mavazi, makazi na dawa, hadi waweze kujitegemea.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Maintenance — food, clothing, shelter and medicine, until they can provide for themselves.
Kufundishwa — dini yao kwanza, kisha yale yatakayowawezesha kusimama wenyewe.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Teaching — their religion first, then what will let them stand on their own.
Uadilifu kati yao — katika zawadi, katika kuwajali na katika mapenzi. “Mcheni Allah, na fanyeni uadilifu kati ya watoto wenu.”
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Justice between them — in gifts, in attention and in affection. “Fear Allah, and be just between your children.”
Huruma — “Asiyehurumia hahurumiwi.”
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Mercy — “He who does not show mercy is not shown mercy.”
Wasilaaniwe, wala wasiombewe dua mbaya kwa hasira — huenda ikasadifu saa ambayo dua kama hiyo hujibiwa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Not to be cursed, nor supplicated against in anger — an hour may fall in which such a prayer is answered.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi — hadithi ya an-Nu‘man bin Bashirـؓ; Muslim · sahihi
Dua ya kuomba kizazi
رَبِّ هَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ ذُرِّيَّةً طَيِّبَةً ۖ إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعَاءِ ٣٨
Rabbi hab lī min ladunka dhurriyyatan ṭayyibatan innaka samī‘ud-du‘ā’.
Alama za mwisho wa aya na za kusimama zimeonyeshwa kama zilivyo katika msahafu, kutoka Qur’ani 3:38. Katika chapa kifungu hiki hakina alama hizo.
Mola wangu Mlezi! Nitunuku kutoka kwako dhuria njema. Hakika, Wewe ndiye unayesikia maombi.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
My Lord, grant me from Yourself a goodly offspring; indeed You hear all supplication.
Q 3:38
Mtu anapokufa, matendo yake hukatika isipokuwa matatu — sadaka inayoendelea, elimu inayonufaisha, na mtoto mwema anayemwombea dua.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
When a person dies, their deeds end but for three — ongoing charity, knowledge benefited from, and a righteous child who prays for them.
Muslim · sahihi
Mistari yenye ukingo wa nukta ni matamshi ya Kiarabu, yaliyotokana na irabu zake kwa kanuni. Haitoki katika machapisho na haijapitiwa: pale inapotofautiana na Kiarabu, Kiarabu ndicho sahihi.
Katika lugha hii maktaba inasomwa kwa tafsiri ya rasimu ya toleo la Kimataifa. Imetengenezwa na mashine kutoka Kiarabu na Kiingereza, na hakuna mwanazuoni wala mhariri mzawa wa lugha aliyeihakiki bado. Kiarabu ndicho chanzo; Kiingereza kinaweza kuonyeshwa kando yake. Pale chapisho linaponukuu Qur’ani, maana inayoonyeshwa ni maneno ya toleo lililochapishwa, Swahili Translation - Rowad Translation Center (QuranEnc.com), na si rasimu.
Chapisha chapisho hili
Kimataifa · Kiarabu · Kiingereza
Ndani · Kiarabu · বাংলা · Kiingereza
Chapisha kwa 100%, kamwe usichague “tosheleza ukurasa” (fit to page), la sivyo kadi hazitakunjika kwa kipimo sahihi.
Bure kuchapisha na kushiriki. Si kwa ajili ya kuuzwa.
Kwa nyakati hizo hizo