Hija · 01 kati ya 08
Kadi za pochi
Hija na Umra
الحج والعمرةḤajj & ‘Umrah
Uhakiki wa wanazuoni: unasubiriwa
Maandishi haya yanatoka kwenye maktaba ya machapisho ya Sabīl. Uhakiki wake wa wanazuoni bado unaendelea; kila kipengele kitaonyesha majina ya wahakiki wake na tarehe mara tu wanazuoni wawili watakapokitia saini.
Tafsiri ya rasimu: imetengenezwa na mashine kutoka Kiarabu na Kiingereza, na bado haijasomwa na mwanazuoni wala mhariri mzawa wa lugha. Pale mstari usipoeleweka, onyesha Kiingereza na utegemee Kiarabu.
Mistari inayohusu hukumu huonyeshwa kila mara pamoja na Kiingereza cha chapa chini yake. Mstari ambao rasimu yake haikupita ukaguzi huonyeshwa kwa Kiingereza pekee.
Ibada ya Hija
الْحَجُّ
Al-ḥajj
Beba hii ukiwa katika ihramu. Kila kipande ni hatua moja, kwa mpangilio utakaoupitia.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Carry this in iḥrām. Each panel is one stage, in the order you will walk it.
2 · Aina tatu na mawaqiti
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
2 · The three types & the mawāqīt
3 · Ihramu na makatazo yake
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
3 · Iḥrām & its prohibitions
4 · Umra — tawafu na sai
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
4 · ‘Umrah — ṭawāf & sa‘y
5 · 8–9 Dhul-Hijja — Mina na Arafa
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
5 · 8–9 Dhul-Ḥijjah — Minā & ‘Arafah
6 · 10 Dhul-Hijja — siku ya Nahr
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
6 · 10 Dhul-Ḥijjah — the day of Naḥr
7 · 11–13 na kuaga
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
7 · 11–13 & the farewell
8 · Dam, fidia na Madina
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
8 · Dam, fidyah & Madīnah
Nguzo haziwezi kubadilishwa kwa fidia. Mambo ya wajibu yaliyoachwa hufidiwa kwa dam.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Arkān cannot be replaced by compensation. Wājibāt missed are made good by a dam.
02Aina tatu
Tamattu — Umra kwanza, kisha kutoka katika ihramu kabisa, kisha kuingia tena kwa ajili ya Hija tarehe 8. Hadyi inalazimu. Ndiyo nyepesi zaidi, na ndiyo ambayo Mtume ﷺ aliwaelekeza Maswahaba wake kuifanya.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Tamattu‘ — ‘Umrah first, then leave iḥrām entirely, then enter it again for Ḥajj on the 8th. A hady is owed. The easiest, and what the Prophet ﷺ instructed his Companions to do.
Qiran — ihramu moja kwa zote mbili, hushikiliwa bila kukatizwa hadi tarehe 10. Hadyi inalazimu.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Qirān — one iḥrām for both, held unbroken until the 10th. A hady is owed.
Ifrad — Hija peke yake, bila Umra katika safari hiyo hiyo. Hadyi hailazimu.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Ifrād — Ḥajj alone, with no ‘Umrah in the same journey. No hady is owed.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi. Asiyeweza kupata hadyi hufunga siku tatu katika Hija na saba atakaporudi — Q 2:196.
Mawaqiti
Mipaka ambayo ni lazima kuingia katika ihramu mtu anapoifikia. Kuupita mmoja bila ihramu kunalazimu dam.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
The boundaries at which iḥrām must be entered. Passing one without it obliges a dam.
Dhul-Hulayfa — Madina
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Dhul-Ḥulayfah — Madīnah
Al-Juhfa — Sham, Misri, magharibi
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Al-Juḥfah — Shām, Egypt, the west
Qarn al-Manazil — Najd
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Qarn al-Manāzil — Najd
Yalamlam — Yemen
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Yalamlam — Yemen
Dhat Irq — Iraq
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Dhāt ‘Irq — Iraq
Wanaosafiri kwa ndege huingia katika ihramu kabla ya kupita juu yake — badili nguo na utie nia ukiwa ndani ya ndege, au uwanja wa ndege kabla ya kupanda. Wakazi wa Makka huingia kutoka pale walipo.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Those flying enter iḥrām before passing overhead — change and make the intention on board, or at the airport before boarding. Residents of Makkah enter from where they are.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi — “Ni kwa ajili ya watu wa sehemu hizo, na kwa wote wanaozipitia wakikusudia Hija au Umra.”
03Ihramu
Oga, jipake manukato mwilini — si kwenye nguo — kisha vaa vitambaa viwili vyeupe visivyoshonwa. Mwanamke huvaa nguo zake za kawaida, uso na viganja vikiwa wazi.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Bathe, perfume the body — not the garments — then wear two unsewn white cloths. A woman wears her ordinary dress, with face and hands uncovered.
Talbiya
لَبَّيْكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَبَّيْكَ، لَبَّيْكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ لَبَّيْكَ، إِنَّ الْحَمْدَ وَالنِّعْمَةَ لَكَ وَالْمُلْكَ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ
Labbayka Allāhumma labbayk, labbayka lā sharīka laka labbayk, innal-ḥamda wan-ni‘mata laka wal-mulk, lā sharīka lak
Hutamkwa kwa sauti na wanaume, kwa sauti ya chini na wanawake, tangu kuingia katika ihramu hadi jiwe la kwanza litakaporushwa tarehe 10.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Called aloud by men, softly by women, from entering iḥrām until the first stone is thrown on the 10th.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi
Yaliyo haramu katika ihramu
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Forbidden in iḥrām
Kukata nywele au kucha.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Cutting hair or nails.
Manukato ya aina yoyote, ikiwemo sabuni yenye harufu.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Perfume of any kind, including scented soap.
Kujamiiana, na yote yanayopelekea huko.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Intercourse, and all that leads to it.
Kufunga ndoa, au kuposa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Contracting a marriage, or proposing one.
Kuwinda au kusaidia uwindaji.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Hunting or assisting a hunt.
Wanaume tu — nguo zilizoshonwa, na kufunika kichwa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Men only — sewn garments, and covering the head.
Wanawake tu — nikabu na glavu; anaweza kuteremsha kitambaa kwa ulegevu juu ya uso wake mbele ya wanaume.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Women only — the niqāb and gloves; she may drape a cloth loosely over her face before men.
Bukhari · sahihi. Kunawa, kuoga, kuvaa mkanda, makubadhi, miwani na saa vyote vinaruhusiwa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Bukhārī · ṣaḥīḥ. Washing, bathing, wearing a belt, sandals, spectacles and a watch are all permitted.
04Tawafu na sai
Tawafu — mizunguko saba
Twahara inashurutishwa, kama katika swala, na mabega hufunikwa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Purity is required, as in prayer, and the shoulders are covered.
Anzia kwenye Jiwe Jeusi ukiwa umelielekea, sema Allāhu akbar, na uiweke Al-Kaaba upande wako wa kushoto.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Begin at the Black Stone facing it, say Allāhu akbar, and keep the Ka‘bah on your left.
Wanaume hufunua bega la kulia na kutembea kwa haraka katika mizunguko mitatu ya kwanza — katika tawafu ya qudum pekee.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Men uncover the right shoulder and walk briskly for the first three circuits — in ṭawāf al-qudūm only.
Liguse au liashirie Jiwe katika kila mzunguko; gusa nguzo ya Yemeni ukiweza, bila kusukumana.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Touch or point to the Stone at each circuit; touch the Yemeni corner if you can, without pushing.
Kati ya nguzo mbili sema: Rabbanā ātinā fid-dunyā ḥasanah…
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Between the two corners say: Rabbanā ātinā fid-dunyā ḥasanah…
Baada ya saba, swali rakaa mbili nyuma ya Maqam Ibrahim, kisha unywe Zamzam.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
After seven, pray two rak‘ahs behind Maqām Ibrāhīm, then drink Zamzam.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi. Hakuna dua maalumu iliyowekwa kwa kila mzunguko; omba unachotaka.
Sai — mikondo saba
Kutoka Safa hadi Marwa ni mmoja, Marwa hadi Safa ni wa pili, na kumalizia Marwa. Wanaume hukimbia kati ya alama za kijani. Unapopanda kila kilima, elekea Al-Kaaba na useme Allāhu akbar mara tatu, kisha uombe dua.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
From Ṣafā to Marwah is one, Marwah to Ṣafā the second, ending at Marwah. Men run between the green markers. On mounting each hill, face the Ka‘bah and say Allāhu akbar three times, then supplicate.
Umra humalizika kwa kunyoa kichwa au kupunguza nywele — mwanamke hukata kiasi cha ncha ya kidole kutoka kila msuko.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
‘Umrah ends by shaving the head or shortening the hair — a woman cuts a fingertip’s length from each braid.
Muslim · sahihi — hija ya Jabirـؓ
058–9 Dhul-Hijja
Tarehe 8 · Siku ya Tarwiya
Ingia katika ihramu ya Hija kutoka makazi yako Makka. Nenda Mina kabla ya adhuhuri na uswali huko Adhuhuri, Alasiri, Magharibi, Isha na Alfajiri — swala za rakaa nne zikipunguzwa kuwa mbili, lakini bila kukusanywa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Enter iḥrām for Ḥajj from your lodging in Makkah. Go to Minā before noon and pray Ẓuhr, ‘Aṣr, Maghrib, ‘Ishā’ and Fajr there — the prayers of four rak‘ahs shortened to two, but not joined.
Tarehe 9 · Arafa
Baada ya jua kuchomoza nenda Arafa. Hakikisha uko ndani ya mpaka wake — uwanda wote ni mahali pa kusimama isipokuwa Batn Urana.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
After sunrise move to ‘Arafah. Be certain you are within its boundary — the whole plain is a standing place except Baṭn ‘Uranah.
Swali Adhuhuri na Alasiri kwa kukusanya na kupunguza katika wakati wa Adhuhuri, kwa adhana moja na ikama mbili.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Pray Ẓuhr and ‘Aṣr joined and shortened at the time of Ẓuhr, with one adhān and two iqāmahs.
Simama tangu adhuhuri hadi jua kuzama ukielekea kibla, mikono ikiwa imenyanyuliwa, katika dua na dhikri. Kisimamo hiki ndicho Hija.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Stand from noon until sunset facing the qiblah, hands raised, in du‘ā and dhikr. This standing is the Ḥajj.
Usiondoke kabla jua halijazama kabisa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Do not leave before the sun has fully set.
Tirmidhi, Nasa’i · sahihi — “Hija ni Arafa.”
Bora ya kusemwa siku hiyo
لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
Lā ilāha illallāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lah, lahul-mulku wa lahul-ḥamdu wa huwa ‘alā kulli shay’in qadīr
Tirmidhi · hasan — “Dua bora ni ile ya siku ya Arafa.” Baada ya jua kuzama, ondoka kwenda Muzdalifa kwa utulivu; swali huko Magharibi na Isha kwa kukusanya, lala, na uokote vijiwe.
0610 · Siku ya Nahr
Matendo matano, kwa mpangilio huu pale inapowezekana — ingawa Mtume ﷺ aliulizwa kuhusu kila moja lililofanywa nje ya mpangilio na akasema kila mara: “Fanya, na hakuna ubaya.”
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Five acts, in this order where possible — though the Prophet ﷺ was asked about each done out of order and said each time: “Do it, and there is no harm.”
1 · Jamratul-Aqaba — vijiwe saba kwenye nguzo kubwa kuliko zote, ukisema Allāhu akbar kwa kila kimoja. Talbiya hukoma kwa jiwe la kwanza.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
1 · Jamrat al-‘Aqabah — seven pebbles at the largest pillar, saying Allāhu akbar with each. The talbiyah stops at the first stone.
2 · Hadyi — huchinjwa na wanaofanya tamattu au qiran. Inaweza kupangwa kupitia wakala aliyeidhinishwa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
2 · The hady — sacrificed by those performing tamattu‘ or qirān. It may be arranged through an authorised agency.
3 · Kunyoa au kupunguza — kunyoa ni bora; Mtume ﷺ aliwaombea rehema mara tatu walionyoa na mara moja waliopunguza.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
3 · Shaving or shortening — shaving is better; the Prophet ﷺ asked mercy three times for those who shaved and once for those who shortened.
4 · Tawafu ya Ifadha — ni nguzo ya Hija; haiwezi kubadilishwa kwa fidia yoyote.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
4 · Ṭawāf al-Ifāḍah — a pillar of Ḥajj; it cannot be replaced by any compensation.
5 · Sai — kwa wanaofanya tamattu, na kwa wengine ambao hawakuifanya baada ya tawafu ya kufika.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
5 · Sa‘y — for those performing tamattu‘, and for others who did not do it after the arrival ṭawāf.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi
Kutoka katika ihramu
Kufunguka kwa kwanza — baada ya kurusha mawe na kunyoa: kila kitu huwa halali tena isipokuwa kujamiiana. Kufunguka kamili — baada ya tawafu ya Ifadha: yote ni halali.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
First release — after stoning and shaving: everything becomes lawful again except intercourse. Full release — after ṭawāf al-ifāḍah: all is lawful.
0711–13 na kuaga
Siku za Tashriq
Lala Mina usiku wa tarehe 11 na wa 12. Kila mchana, baada ya jua kupinduka utosini, rusha mawe kwenye nguzo zote tatu kwa mpangilio:
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Spend the nights of the 11th and 12th in Minā. Each afternoon, after the sun passes its zenith, stone all three pillars in order:
Sughra — vijiwe saba, kisha sogea kando, elekea kibla na uombe dua ndefu.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Ṣughrā — seven pebbles, then step aside, face the qiblah and make a long du‘ā.
Wusta — vijiwe saba, kisha dua tena.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Wusṭā — seven pebbles, then du‘ā again.
Aqaba — vijiwe saba, na hakuna dua baada yake.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
‘Aqabah — seven pebbles, and no du‘ā after it.
Bukhari · sahihi. Wanyonge, wagonjwa na wanawake wanaweza kumwakilisha mtu awarushie mawe.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Bukhārī · ṣaḥīḥ. The weak, the ill and women may appoint someone to stone on their behalf.
Kuondoka Mina
Unaweza kuondoka baada ya kurusha mawe tarehe 12, mradi uwe umetoka Mina kabla ya jua kuzama. Kubaki kwa ajili ya tarehe 13 ni bora, na hapo kurusha mawe siku hiyo ni wajibu.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
You may depart after stoning on the 12th, provided you are out of Minā before sunset. Remaining for the 13th is better, and then stoning it is obligatory.
Kwa Kiingereza pekee: rasimu ya mstari huu imezuiwa.
Q 2:203 — “Whoever hastens in two days, no sin upon him.”
Tawafu ya Kuaga
Mizunguko saba ikiwa tendo lako la mwisho Makka — ni wajibu, na inalazimu dam ikiachwa. Mwanamke mwenye hedhi amesamehewa kabisa.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Seven circuits as your last act in Makkah — obligatory, with a dam if omitted. A woman in ḥayḍ is excused it entirely.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi
08Dam na Madina
Kuchinja kunapolazimu
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
When a sacrifice is owed
Hadyi — kwa tamattu na qiran. Kondoo, au sehemu moja ya saba ya ngamia au ng’ombe.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Hady — for tamattu‘ and qirān. A sheep, or a seventh of a camel or cow.
Kuacha jambo la wajibu — kupita miqati bila ihramu, kutokaa Muzdalifa, kutorusha mawe, kuacha tawafu ya kuaga: kondoo mmoja kwa kila moja.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Omitting a wājib — passing a mīqāt without iḥrām, not staying at Muzdalifah, not stoning, omitting the farewell ṭawāf: one sheep each.
Fidia ya adha — kunyoa au kuvaa nguo iliyoshonwa kwa sababu ya haja: chagua moja kati ya kufunga siku tatu, kulisha maskini sita, au kondoo.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Fidyat al-adhā — shaving or wearing sewn cloth from need: choose one of fasting three days, feeding six poor, or a sheep.
Kuwinda — mfano wake katika mifugo, au thamani yake kwa chakula, au saumu ya siku moja kwa kila fungu.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Hunting — its like in livestock, or the equivalent in food, or a day’s fast for each portion.
Kujamiiana kabla ya kufunguka kwa kwanza — Hija hubatilika, ni lazima ikamilishwe, irudiwe mwaka unaofuata, na ngamia achinjwe.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
Intercourse before the first release — the Ḥajj is invalidated, it must be completed, repeated the following year, and a camel sacrificed.
Q 2:196, 5:95; hukumu za Maswahaba zilizonukuliwa na Malik na al-Bayhaqi.
Kuzuru Madina
Si sehemu ya Hija, bali ni safari yenye fadhila yake yenyewe — swala moja katika msikiti wa Mtume ni sawa na elfu mahali pengine. Swali rakaa mbili, kisha msalimie yeye ﷺ na maswahaba zake wawili kwa utulivu, ukielekea chumba, na umwombe Allah peke yake haja zako.
Kiingereza cha chapa, huonyeshwa kila mara:
No part of Ḥajj, but a journey of its own merit — a prayer in the Prophet’s masjid is worth a thousand elsewhere. Pray two rak‘ahs, then greet him ﷺ and his two companions quietly, facing the chamber, and ask Allah alone for your needs.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi
Mistari yenye ukingo wa nukta ni matamshi ya Kiarabu, yaliyotokana na irabu zake kwa kanuni. Haitoki katika machapisho na haijapitiwa: pale inapotofautiana na Kiarabu, Kiarabu ndicho sahihi.
Katika lugha hii maktaba inasomwa kwa tafsiri ya rasimu ya toleo la Kimataifa. Imetengenezwa na mashine kutoka Kiarabu na Kiingereza, na hakuna mwanazuoni wala mhariri mzawa wa lugha aliyeihakiki bado. Kiarabu ndicho chanzo; Kiingereza kinaweza kuonyeshwa kando yake. Pale chapisho linaponukuu Qur’ani, maana inayoonyeshwa ni maneno ya toleo lililochapishwa, Swahili Translation - Rowad Translation Center (QuranEnc.com), na si rasimu.
Chapisha chapisho hili
Kimataifa · Kiarabu · Kiingereza
Ndani · Kiarabu · বাংলা · Kiingereza
Chapisha kwa 100%, kamwe usichague “tosheleza ukurasa” (fit to page), la sivyo kadi hazitakunjika kwa kipimo sahihi.
Bure kuchapisha na kushiriki. Si kwa ajili ya kuuzwa.
Kwa nyakati hizo hizo