Tsarki · 01 cikin 08
Katunan aljihu
Tsarki
الطهارةṬahārah
Bitar malamai: ana jira
Wannan rubutu ya fito ne daga laburaren bugu na Sabīl. Bitar malamai a kansa tana ci gaba har yanzu; kowane abu zai ɗauki sunayen masu bitarsa da kwanan wata da zarar malamai biyu sun sa hannu a kansa.
Daftarin fassara: na’ura ce ta yi shi daga Larabci da Turanci, kuma malami ko edita ɗan harshen bai karanta shi ba tukuna. Inda wani layi bai fito fili ba, ku nuna Turancin, ku kuma dogara da Larabcin.
Layukan da suka shafi hukunci ana nuna su koyaushe tare da Turancin bugu a ƙasansu. Layin da daftarinsa bai wuce bincike ba ana nuna shi da Turanci kaɗai.
Tsarki & Alwala
الطَّهَارَةُ
Aṭ-ṭahārah
Ba a karɓar wata sallah sai da tsarki. Hukunce-hukuncen mazhabobi huɗu duka, gefe da gefe.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
No prayer is accepted without purity. The rulings of all four madhāhib, side by side.
2 · Alwala — farillanta
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
2 · Wuḍū — the obligatory acts
3 · Abubuwan da ke warware alwala
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
3 · What breaks wuḍū
4 · Wanka — wanke dukan jiki
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
4 · Ghusl — the full washing
5 · Taimama — tsarki ba tare da ruwa ba
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
5 · Tayammum — dry purification
6 · Shafa a kan huffi
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
6 · Wiping over khuffayn
7 · Najasa — da yadda ake kawar da ita
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
7 · Najāsah — impurity & its removal
8 · Haila, nifasi & istihada
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
8 · Ḥayḍ, nifās & istiḥāḍah
Ḥ = Hanafi · M = Maliki · S = Shafi’i · Ḥb = Hanbali. Darajojin bisa ga al-Albani ne, sai inda aka faɗi dabam.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Ḥ = Ḥanafī · M = Mālikī · S = Shāfi‘ī · Ḥb = Ḥanbalī. Gradings per al-Albānī unless stated.
02Alwala — farillaiWuḍū — the obligations
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ
Bismillāh
Ku fara da Bismillāh, sannan jerin da ke ƙasa, kowanne sau uku sai inda aka faɗi dabam.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Begin with Bismillāh, then the sequence below three times each unless noted.
1 Hannaye zuwa wuyan hannu
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
1 Hands to the wrists
2 Kurkure baki · 3 Shaƙa ruwa a hanci
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
2 Rinse the mouth · 3 Rinse the nose
4 Fuska — daga mafarar gashin kai zuwa haɓa, daga kunne zuwa kunne
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
4 The face — hairline to chin, ear to ear
5 Hannun dama zuwa gwiwar hannu, sannan na hagu
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
5 Right arm to the elbow, then left
6 Shafar kai — sau ɗaya
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
6 Wipe the head — once
7 Shafar kunnuwa — ciki da waje
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
7 Wipe the ears — inner and outer
8 Ƙafar dama zuwa idon sawu, sannan ta hagu
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
8 Right foot to the ankle, then left
Bukhari, Muslim — alwalar Usman ـؓ · sahihi
Ayyuka nawa ne farilla
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
How many acts are farḍ
Ḥ · huɗu — fuska, hannaye, shafar ¼ na kai, ƙafafu.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Ḥ · four — face, arms, wipe ¼ of the head, feet.
M · bakwai — ya ƙara niyya, shafar dukan kai, cuccuɗawa (dalk) da gaggautawa (muwalat).
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
M · seven — adds niyyah, wiping the whole head, rubbing (dalk) and continuity (muwālāt).
S · shida — ya ƙara niyya da jerantawa (tartib); wani ɓangare na kai ya isa.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
S · six — adds niyyah and order (tartīb); part of the head suffices.
Ḥb · shida — dukan kai tare da kunnuwa, tartib, muwalat.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Ḥb · six — whole head with the ears, tartīb, muwālāt.
Wanke gaɓa sau ɗaya yana sauke farillar; sau uku shi ne sunna. Kada ku taɓa wuce uku.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Washing a limb once fulfils the obligation; three is the sunnah. Never exceed three.
03Abubuwan da ke warware alwalaWhat breaks wuḍū
Waɗanda aka yi ittifaƙi a kansu
Duk abin da ya fita daga mafitar gaba ko ta baya.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Anything exiting the front or back passage.
Barci mai nauyi wanda ake rasa sani a cikinsa.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Deep sleep in which awareness is lost.
Gushewar hankali — suma, maye, hauka.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Loss of consciousness — fainting, intoxication, insanity.
Duk abin da yake wajabta wanka yana kuma warware alwala.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Whatever obliges ghusl also nullifies wuḍū.
Waɗanda aka yi saɓani a kansu
Taɓa al’aura — yana warwarewa bisa ga M, S, Ḥb; ba ya warwarewa bisa ga Ḥ.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Touching the private part — breaks per M, S, Ḥb; does not per Ḥ.
Haɗuwar fata da wanda ba jinsinku ɗaya ba — tana warwarewa kai tsaye bisa ga S; bisa ga M da Ḥb sai da sha’awa kawai; ba ta warwarewa bisa ga Ḥ.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Skin contact with the opposite sex — breaks per S outright; per M and Ḥb only with desire; does not per Ḥ.
Jini mai gudana, mugunya ko amai — yana warwarewa bisa ga Ḥ; ba ya warwarewa bisa ga M, S, Ḥb.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Flowing blood, pus or vomit — breaks per Ḥ; does not per M, S, Ḥb.
Naman raƙumi — yana warwarewa bisa ga Ḥb; ba ya warwarewa bisa ga sauran ukun.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Camel meat — breaks per Ḥb; does not per the other three.
Taɓa hannun mace a cikin ɗawafi — yana bin hukuncin da ke sama.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Touching a woman’s hand in ṭawāf — follows the ruling above.
Naman raƙumi: Muslim · sahihi. Taɓawa: Q 5:6 — aw lāmastum, wanda S ya karanta a zahirinsa.
Ƙa’idar shakka
الْيَقِينُ لَا يَزُولُ بِالشَّكِّ
Al-yaqīnu lā yazūlu bish-shakk
Yaƙini ba ya gushewa da shakka. Idan kuna da tabbacin kun yi alwala kuma kuna shakkar ko kun warware ta, to kuna da ita har yanzu.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Certainty is not removed by doubt. If you are sure you had wuḍū and unsure you broke it, you still have it.
Muslim · sahihi — “har sai ya ji sauti ko ya ji wari.”
04Wanka
Lokacin da yake wajibi
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
When it is obligatory
Fitar maniyyi da sha’awa, a farke ko a cikin barci.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Ejaculation with desire, waking or asleep.
Jima’i — ko maniyyi ya fita ko bai fita ba.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Intercourse — whether or not ejaculation occurs.
Ɗaukewar haila da ta nifasi.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
The ending of ḥayḍ and of nifās.
Mutuwa — rayayyu ne suke yi wa mamaci.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Death — performed by the living upon the deceased.
Shiga Musulunci — wajibi ne bisa ga Ḥb, mustahabbi ne bisa ga sauran.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Entering Islam — obligatory per Ḥb, recommended per others.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi — “Idan wuraren kaciya biyu suka haɗu, wanka ya wajaba.”
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Bukhārī, Muslim · ṣaḥīḥ — “When the two circumcised parts meet, ghusl is obligatory.”
Yadda ake yi
1 Niyya, sannan ku wanke hannaye.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
1 Intention, then wash the hands.
2 Ku wanke duk wata najasa daga jiki.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
2 Wash away any impurity from the body.
3 Ku yi cikakkiyar alwala.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
3 Perform a complete wuḍū.
4 Ku zuba ruwa a kai sau uku, kuna cusa shi har zuwa tushen gashi.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
4 Pour water over the head three times, working it to the roots.
5 Ku zuba a ɓangaren dama, sannan na hagu, har sai dukan fata ta jiƙe.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
5 Pour over the right side, then the left, until all skin is wetted.
Bukhari, Muslim — wankan Maimuna da na A’isha ـؓ · sahihi
Farillai: Ḥ yana ƙirga uku — kurkure baki, shaƙa ruwa a hanci, da jiƙa dukan jiki. M, S da Ḥb suna sharɗanta niyya da dukan jiki; M ya ƙara cuccuɗawa da gaggautawa. Mace ba sai ta warware kitsonta ba saboda janaba, sai dai saboda haila.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Farḍ acts: Ḥ counts three — rinsing the mouth, the nose, and wetting the whole body. M, S and Ḥb require intention and the whole body; M adds rubbing and continuity. A woman need not undo her braids for janābah, only for ḥayḍ.
Muslim · sahihi — hadisin Ummu Salama ـؓ
05Taimama
فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا مَاءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا
Falam tajidū mā’an fatayammamū ṣa‘īdan ṭayyiban
sa'an nan ba ku sãmi ruwa ba to ku yi nufin wuri mai kyau
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
“And you find no water, then take clean earth.”
Q 5:6
Lokacin da aka halatta ta
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
When it is permitted
Babu ruwa, ko ya yi kaɗan ga sha da tsarki tare.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Water is absent, or too little for both drinking and purifying.
Rashin lafiya ko rauni wanda ruwa zai ƙara tsananta shi ko ya jinkirta warkewarsa.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Illness or a wound that water would worsen or delay healing.
Sanyi mai tsanani ba tare da hanyar ɗumama ruwan ba.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Severe cold with no means to warm the water.
Akwai ruwa amma ba a iya kaiwa gare shi sai da haɗari na gaske.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Water is present but unreachable without real danger.
Yadda ake yi
Ku yi niyya, ku bugi ƙasa mai tsarki da tafukan hannaye biyu, ku hure abin da ya yi yawa, ku shafi fuska, sannan hannaye.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Intend, strike clean earth with both palms, blow off the excess, wipe the face, then the hands.
Ḥ, S · bugu biyu — fuska da farko, sannan hannaye zuwa gwiwar hannu.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Ḥ, S · two strikes — face first, then the arms to the elbows.
M, Ḥb · bugu ɗaya — fuska da hannaye zuwa wuyan hannu.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
M, Ḥb · one strike — face and hands to the wrists.
Bukhari, Muslim — hadisin Ammar ـؓ · sahihi
Duk abin da yake warware alwala yana warware ta, haka kuma samuwar ruwa. Tana maye gurbin alwala da wanka duka. Taimama ɗaya ga kowace sallah bisa ga S; tana dawwama har sai ta warware bisa ga Ḥ, M da Ḥb.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
It is nullified by whatever nullifies wuḍū, and by water becoming available. It substitutes for both wuḍū and ghusl. One tayammum per prayer per S; it lasts until nullified per Ḥ, M and Ḥb.
06Shafa a kan huffi
Maimakon wanke ƙafafu, ana iya shafa a kan safar fata ko takalmin da yake rufe idon sawu.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
In place of washing the feet, one may wipe over leather socks or footwear that covers the ankles.
Sharuɗɗa
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Conditions
A sa su alhali ana cikin cikakken tsarki.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Put on while in a state of complete purity.
Su rufe idon sawu, kuma su yi ƙarfin da za a iya tafiya da su.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Covering the ankles, and firm enough to walk in.
Ba su da yagewar da ta kai girman da za ta bayyana ƙafa.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Free of tears large enough to expose the foot.
Ga ƙaramin hadasi kawai — ba ya taɓa maye gurbin wanka.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Only for minor impurity — never in place of ghusl.
Tsawon lokaci
Mazauni — yini ɗaya da dare ɗaya, awa 24.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Resident — one day and night, 24 hours.
Matafiyi — kwana uku da dararensu, awa 72.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Traveller — three days and nights, 72 hours.
Ana ƙirgawa daga shafar farko bayan warwarewar alwala, ba daga lokacin sa su ba.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Counted from the first wipe after breaking wuḍū, not from putting them on.
M bai sa iyakar lokaci ba, matuƙar suna da tsarki kuma ba su lalace ba.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
M sets no time limit, provided they remain clean and intact.
Muslim — hadisin Ali ـؓ · sahihi
Ku shafi saman kawai, daga yatsun ƙafa zuwa ƙwauri, sau ɗaya. Shafar tafin ƙasa ba sunna ba ce.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Wipe the upper surface only, from toes toward the shin, once. Wiping the sole is not the sunnah.
Abu Dawud · sahihi — “Da addini da ra’ayi yake, da ƙasan ne ya fi cancanta a shafa.”
Cire safar, ko ƙarewar wa’adin, yana kawo ƙarshen shafar. Bandeji da abin ɗaure karaya ana shafa a kansu ba tare da iyakar lokaci ba.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Removing the socks, or the term expiring, ends the wiping. Bandages and casts are wiped over without any time limit.
07NajasaNajāsah
Abin da yake najasa
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
What is impure
Fitsari, bayan gida, maziyyi da wadiyyi, jinin haila.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Urine, excrement, madhī and wadī, menstrual blood.
Jini mai gudana, mugunya, amai mai yawa.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Blood that flows, pus, vomit in quantity.
Alade, da yawun kare.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Swine, and the saliva of a dog.
Mushe, da naman duk dabbar da ba a yanka ta bisa shari’a ba.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Carrion, and the meat of any animal not slaughtered lawfully.
Giya da kowane abin sha mai sa maye.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Wine and every intoxicating drink.
Matakai & kawar da ita
Mai nauyi — kwanon da kare ya lasa: wankewa bakwai, ta farko da ƙasa.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Grave — a vessel licked by a dog: seven washes, the first with earth.
Mara nauyi — fitsarin yaro namiji wanda bai fara cin abinci mai kauri ba tukuna: a yayyafa ruwa har ya rufe shi, ba a matsewa.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Light — the urine of a boy not yet eating solids: sprinkle until covered, no wringing.
Na yau da kullum — a wanke har sai launi, wari da ɗanɗano sun gushe; tabon da ya rage wanda ya ƙi fita an yi afuwa a kansa.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Ordinary — wash until colour, scent and taste are gone; a remaining stain that resists is pardoned.
Muslim · sahihi; Abu Dawud · sahihi — hadisin Ummu Ƙais ـؓ
Masu tsarki ne duk da ana yawan zaton akasin haka: maniyyi — ana kankare shi idan ya bushe, ana goge shi idan yana jiƙe; gumi da yawun mage; gashi da fatar jemammiyar fata; jini kaɗan.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Pure although often assumed otherwise: semen — scraped when dry, wiped when wet; the sweat and saliva of a cat; the hair and skin of a tanned hide; a small quantity of blood.
Muslim · sahihi — “Ita ba najasa ba ce; tana cikin masu kewaya ku.”
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Muslim · ṣaḥīḥ — “She is not impure; she is among those who circle about you.”
08Haila, nifasi, istihadaḤayḍ, nifās, istiḥāḍah
Madogara ce ta mata. Wannan sashe ya wadatar da kansa, kuma ana iya ba da shi dabam.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
A women’s reference. This panel is self-contained and may be given separately.
Tsawon lokacin haila
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Duration of ḥayḍ
Ḥ — mafi ƙaranci kwana uku, mafi yawa goma.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Ḥ — minimum three days, maximum ten.
S, Ḥb — mafi ƙaranci yini da dare, mafi yawa goma sha biyar.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
S, Ḥb — minimum a day and a night, maximum fifteen.
M — babu ƙayyadadden mafi ƙaranci; mafi yawa goma sha biyar.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
M — no fixed minimum; maximum fifteen.
Mafi ƙarancin tsarki tsakanin haila biyu kwana goma sha biyar ne.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
The least purity between two cycles is fifteen days.
Nifasi — bayan haihuwa
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Nifās — after childbirth
Mafi yawa kwana arba’in bisa ga Ḥ da Ḥb; sittin bisa ga M da S. Idan jinin ya ɗauke kafin haka, sai ta yi wanka ta ci gaba nan take.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Maximum forty days per Ḥ and Ḥb; sixty per M and S. Should the bleeding stop sooner, she bathes and resumes at once.
Abubuwan da ake dakatarwa a cikin duka biyun
Sallah — kuma ba a rama ta daga baya.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Prayer — and it is not made up afterwards.
Azumi — kuma ana rama shi daga baya.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Fasting — and it is made up afterwards.
Ɗawafi a kewayen Ka’aba; jima’i.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Ṭawāf around the Ka‘bah; intercourse.
Sauran dukan ayyukan Hajji ana yin su kamar yadda aka saba.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
All else of Ḥajj is performed as normal.
Bukhari, Muslim · sahihi — “Ki yi duk abin da mahajjaci yake yi, sai dai kada ki yi ɗawafi da Ɗakin.”
Istihada — jinin da ya zo ba a lokacin haila da aka sani ba cuta ce, ba haila ba. Za ta yi wanka sau ɗaya, sannan ta riƙa sabunta alwala ga kowace sallah, ta yi sallah da azumi kamar yadda aka saba.
Turancin bugu, ana nuna shi koyaushe:
Istiḥāḍah — bleeding outside the known cycle is an ailment, not ḥayḍ. She bathes once, then makes fresh wuḍū for each prayer and prays and fasts as normal.
Bukhari · sahihi — hadisin Fatima bint Abi Hubaish ـؓ
Layukan da ke da gefe mai ɗigo-ɗigo su ne yadda ake karanta Larabcin, an fitar da su bisa ƙa’ida daga wasulansa. Ba daga littattafan da aka buga suke ba, kuma ba a duba su ba: inda suka bambanta da Larabcin, Larabcin ne daidai.
A wannan harshe ana karanta laburaren ne a daftarin fassarar sigar Ƙasa da ƙasa. Na’ura ce ta yi shi daga Larabci da Turanci, kuma babu malami ko edita ɗan harshen da ya yi masa bita tukuna. Larabcin shi ne tushe; ana iya nuna Turancin a gefensa. Inda wallafa ta ambato Alƙur’ani, ma’anar da ake nunawa lafazin wani bugu ne da aka wallafa, Hausa Translation - Abu Bakr Jumi (QuranEnc.com), ba daftari ba.
Buga wannan wallafa
Ƙasa da ƙasa · Larabci · Turanci
Na gida · Larabci · বাংলা · Turanci
Ku buga a 100%, kada ku taɓa zaɓar “fit to page”, in ba haka ba katunan ba za su naɗu daidai girmansu ba.
Kyauta ne a buga a raba. Ba na sayarwa ba ne.
Na waɗannan lokutan ma