Ramadaan · 01 ka mid ah 08
Kaararka boorsada
Ramadaan
رمضانRamaḍān
Dib-u-eegista culimada: waa la sugayaa
Qoraalkani wuxuu ka yimid maktabadda daabacan ee Sabīl. Dib-u-eegistiisa culimadu weli way socotaa; qodob kastaa wuxuu wadan doonaa magacyada dib-u-eegayaashiisa iyo taariikhda marka laba caalim ay saxiixaan.
Tarjumaad qabyo ah: mashiin ayaa ka sameeyay Carabiga iyo Ingiriisiga, weli caalim ama tifaftire afka hooyo ku hadla ma akhriyin. Halka sadar uusan caddayn, muuji Ingiriisiga, kuna kalsoonow Carabiga.
Sadarrada la xiriira xukun waxaa had iyo jeer lagu muujiyaa iyadoo Ingiriisiga daabacan uu ka hooseeyo. Sadarka qabyo-qoraalkiisu ku guuldarraystay hubinta waxaa lagu muujiyaa Ingiriisi keliya.
Bisha Soonka
رَمَضَانُ
Ramaḍān
Waxa soonka jebiya, waxa ka dib lagu leeyahay, iyo sida tobanka habeen ee ugu dambeeya loo guto.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
What breaks the fast, what is owed afterwards, and how the last ten nights are kept.
2 · Waxa soonka jebiya
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
2 · What breaks the fast
3 · Qadaa, fidyo & kafaaro
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
3 · Qaḍā’, fidyah & kaffārah
4 · Suxuurta, afurka & ducooyinkooda
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
4 · Suḥūr, ifṭār & their du‘ās
5 · Taraawiixda & salaadda habeenkii
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
5 · Tarāwīḥ & the night prayer
6 · Ictikaafka & Laylatul-Qadr
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
6 · I‘tikāf & Laylat al-Qadr
7 · Sakatul-fidri
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
7 · Zakāt al-Fiṭr
8 · Soddonka maalmood
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
8 · The thirty days
X = Xanafi · M = Maaliki · Sh = Shaafici · Xb = Xanbali.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Ḥ = Ḥanafī · M = Mālikī · S = Shāfi‘ī · Ḥb = Ḥanbalī.
02Waxa soonka jebiyaWhat breaks the fast
Cunid ama cabbid kas ah.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Eating or drinking deliberately.
Galmo — waa tan ugu culus, waana tan keliya ee kafaaro leh si la isku raacay.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Intercourse — the gravest, and the only one carrying expiation by agreement.
In si kas ah la isu matajiyo.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Deliberately inducing vomiting.
Mani si kas ah loo soo saaro.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Ejaculation brought about deliberately.
Bilaabashada xaydka ama nifaaska, saacad kasta oo maalinta ka mid ah.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
The onset of ḥayḍ or nifās, at any hour of the day.
Wax kasta oo nafaqo leh oo jirka la geliyo, oo ay ku jirto nafaqaynta faleebada.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Anything nutritive taken into the body, including feeding by drip.
Bukhaari, Muslim · saxiix. Matagga: Abuu Daawuud, Tirmidi · saxiix.
Waxa aan jebin
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
What does not break it
Cunid ama cabbid illow ah — sii wad, waana risiq Alle ka yimid.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Eating or drinking in forgetfulness — continue, and it is a provision from Allah.
Matag aan ikhtiyaar ahayn; san-goror; dhiig baaritaan loo qaaday.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Involuntary vomiting; a nosebleed; blood taken for testing.
Luqluqashada afka iyo dhaqidda sanka, iyadoon la badbadin.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Rinsing the mouth and nose, without exaggeration.
Qubays, dabbaal, marsashada indha-kuul ama barafuun.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Bathing, swimming, applying kohl or perfume.
Irbado aan nafaqo wadan; neef-buufiyeyaasha, sida ay qabaan xukunnada casriga ah intooda badan.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Injections that carry no nourishment; inhalers, per the majority of contemporary rulings.
In la soo tooso iyadoo janaabo la qabo, lana qubaysto Subaxa ka dib.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Waking in a state of janābah and bathing after Fajr.
In cunto carrabka lagu dhadhamiyo iyadoon la liqin.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Tasting food on the tongue without swallowing.
Bukhaari, Muslim · saxiix — “Qofkii illoowa oo wax cuna, soonkiisa ha dhammaystiro.”
03Waxa lagu leeyahayWhat is owed
Qadaa — gudidda maalinta
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Qaḍā’ — making up the day
Waxaa lagu leeyahay musaafirka, qofka si ku-meel-gaar ah u xanuunsan, haweeneyda xaydka qabta, iyo qofkii soonka si kas ah u jebiyay. Waxaa la gudaa waqti kasta oo ka horreeya Ramadaanka xiga; maalmo isku xiga shardi ma aha.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Owed by the traveller, the temporarily ill, the menstruating woman, and one who broke the fast deliberately. Made up any time before the next Ramaḍān; consecutive days are not required.
Fidyo — quudin beddelkeeda
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Fidyah — feeding instead
Waxaa leh qofka aan soomi karin, weligiisna aan soomi doonin: qofka aad u da’ weyn, iyo qofka xanuun joogto ah qaba. Maalin kasta oo la seegay hal miskiin quudi. Qadaa laguma leh.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
For one who cannot fast and never will: the very old, and the chronically ill. Feed one poor person for each day missed. No qaḍā’ is owed.
Q 2:184; Bukhaari · xukunka Ibn Cabbaasـؓ
Kafaaro — dembi-tirka
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Kaffārah — the expiation
Waxaa lagu leeyahay galmo la sameeyay maalin Ramadaan ah. Ḥ, S iyo Ḥb: si adag oo kala horraysa, mid kastana waxaa loo gudbaa oo keliya haddii tii ka horreysay la awoodi waayo; M: doorasho saddexda dhexdooda ah, quudintuna way fiican tahay:
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Owed for intercourse during a day of Ramaḍān. Ḥ, S and Ḥb: in strict order, each only if the one before is beyond reach; M: a choice among the three, feeding preferred:
1 Addoon xoree.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
1 Free a slave.
2 Soon lixdan maalmood oo isku xiga.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
2 Fast sixty consecutive days.
3 Quudi lixdan miskiin.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
3 Feed sixty poor people.
Maalinta lafteedana waa la gudaa. X iyo M waxay kafaarada ku fidiyaan cunidda iyo cabbidda kaska ah; Sh iyo Xb waxay ku koobaan galmada.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
The day itself is also made up. Ḥ and M extend kaffārah to deliberate eating and drinking; S and Ḥb confine it to intercourse.
Bukhaari, Muslim · saxiix — xadiiska ninkii yimid isagoo leh “Waan halaagsamay.”
04Suxuur & afur
Niyada
Waxaa qalbiga lagu qabsadaa Subaxa ka hor, M agtiisa hal mar bisha oo dhan; X, Sh iyo Xb agtooda habeen kasta. Waxba kor looguma dhawaaqo.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Formed in the heart before Fajr, once for the whole month per M; nightly per Ḥ, S and Ḥb. Nothing is said aloud.
Suxuur
Dib u dhig ilaa Subaxa wax yar ka hor. Xataa kabbo biyo ah ayaa lagu gutaa — “suxuurta barako ayaa ku jirta.”
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Delay it until close to Fajr. Even a sip of water fulfils it — “in suḥūr there is blessing.”
Bukhaari, Muslim · saxiix
Afur
Degdeji marka qorraxdu dhacdo, adigoo ku afuraya timir qoyan, ama mid qallalan, ama biyo. Waxaa la yiraahdaa afurka ka dib:
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Hasten it at sunset with fresh dates, or dried, or water. Said after breaking:
ذَهَبَ الظَّمَأُ وَابْتَلَّتِ الْعُرُوقُ وَثَبَتَ الْأَجْرُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ
Dhahaba-ẓ-ẓama’u wabtallatil-‘urūqu wa thabatal-ajru in shā’Allāh
Harraadkii wuu tegey, xididdadiina way qoyeen, ajarkiina wuu sugnaaday, haddii Alle idmo.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
The thirst has gone, the veins are moistened, and the reward is assured, if Allah wills.
Abuu Daawuud · xasan. Allāhumma laka ṣumtu ee aadka loo soo xigto waa daciif — kani waa lafdiga sugan.
Haddii lagu xanaajiyo, dheh: innī ṣā’im — waan soomanahay. Qofkii aan ka tegin hadalka beenta ah, Alle baahi uma qabo gaajadiisa.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
If provoked, say: innī ṣā’im — I am fasting. One who does not abandon false speech has given Allah no need of his hunger.
Bukhaari · saxiix
05Taraawiix
Waxaa la tukadaa Cishaha ka dib laba-laba rakcadood, waxaana lagu dhammeeyaa witri. Waa sunno la xoojiyay, ma aha waajib — in imaam gadaashiis lagu tukadona ilaa uu dhammeeyo waxaa loo qoraa habeen dhan oo salaad lagu jiray.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Prayed after ‘Ishā’ in pairs of two, ending with witr. A confirmed sunnah, not an obligation — and praying it behind an imam until he finishes is written as a whole night in prayer.
Tirmidi, Abuu Daawuud · saxiix
Tirada
Labaatan rakcadood — waa mowqifka afarta madhab oo dhan, oo ku salaysan camalkii lagu degay xilligii Cumarـؓ, aanna ka go’in labada Xaram.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Twenty rak‘ahs — the position of all four madhāhib, on the practice settled under ‘Umarـؓ and unbroken in both Ḥaramayn.
Kow iyo toban rakcadood — siddeed iyo saddex witri ah, oo ku salaysan warkii Caa’ishaـؓ ee ahaa inuusan weligiis ka badin Ramadaan gudihiis iyo dibaddiisba.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Eleven rak‘ahs — eight and three of witr, on the report of ‘Ā’ishahـؓ that he never exceeded it in or out of Ramaḍān.
M wuxuu diiwaangeliyaa lix iyo soddon, oo ah camalkii Madiina.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
M records thirty-six, the practice of Madīnah.
Bukhaari, Muslim · saxiix; Muwadda’ · warka Yaziid ibn Ruumaan.
Labaduba waa camal sugan, midkoodna lama canaanto. Dhererka istaaggu wuu ka miisaan culus yahay tirada rakcadaha.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Both are established practice and neither is censured. Length of standing outweighs count of rak‘ahs.
Witri
X agtiisa waa waajib, saddex isku xiran oo aan salaan u dhexayn; saddexda kale agtooda waa sunno mu’akkada ah, waxaana la tukadaa hal, saddex, shan ama ka badan. Ha ku celin haddii aad mar kale u kacdo inaad tukato.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Wājib per Ḥ, three joined without a salām between; a sunnah mu’akkadah per the other three, prayed one, three, five or more. Do not repeat it if you rise again to pray.
Muslim · saxiix — “Salaaddiinna habeenkii tan ugu dambaysa ka dhiga witri.”
06Tobanka ugu dambeeya
Ictikaaf
Masaajidka oo cibaado loogu go’o. Nebigu ﷺ Ramadaan kasta wuu samayn jiray, sannadkii uu geeriyoodayna labaatan maalmood. Waxaa la galaa qorrax-dhaca ka hor maalinta 20-aad, waxaana laga baxaa Ciidda.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Seclusion in the masjid for worship. The Prophet ﷺ kept it every Ramaḍān, and twenty days in the year he died. Entered before sunset on the 20th, left at the ‘Īd.
Daruuri oo keliya uga bax — musqusha, ama cunto haddii aan laguu keenin.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Leave only for necessity — the washroom, or food if none is brought.
X iyo M waxay shardi ka dhigaan in soon la socdo; Sh iyo Xb shardi kama dhigaan.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Ḥ and M require fasting alongside it; S and Ḥb do not.
Haweeneydu way samayn kartaa iyadoo ninkeedu oggol yahay, meel la kala xijaabay.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
A woman may observe it with her husband’s consent, in a partitioned space.
Bukhaari, Muslim · saxiix
Laylatul-Qadr
Way ka khayr badan tahay kun bilood. Waxaa laga raadiyaa habeennada kisiga ah ee tobanka ugu dambeeya — 21-aad, 23-aad, 25-aad, 27-aad iyo 29-aad — inta badanna waxaa la helaa 27-aad.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Better than a thousand months. Sought in the odd nights of the last ten — the 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th and 29th — and most often found on the 27th.
Q 97:3; Bukhaari, Muslim · saxiix
اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ عَفُوٌّ تُحِبُّ الْعَفْوَ فَاعْفُ عَنِّي
Allāhumma innaka ‘afuwwun tuḥibbul-‘afwa fa‘fu ‘annī
Allow, Adigu waxaad tahay Cafis Badane, cafiskana waad jeceshahay, ee i cafi.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
O Allah, You are Pardoning and love to pardon, so pardon me.
Tirmidi, Ibn Maajah · saxiix — waxaa la baray Caa’ishaـؓ markii ay weydiisay waxa ay tiraahdo haddii ay hesho.
07Sakatul-fidri
Waxay waajib ku tahay Muslim kasta oo haysta cunto ka badan baahidiisa maalinta — naftiisa iyo dhammaan inta uu masruufo, oo uu ku jiro ilmo dhasha waaberiga Ciidda ka hor.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Obligatory on every Muslim who has food beyond his need for the day — for himself and all he supports, including a child born before the ‘Īd dawn.
Qaddarka
Hal saac oo ah cuntada aasaasiga ah ee dalka — timir, shaciir, sabiib, bariis ama qamadi.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
One ṣā‘ of the staple food of the land — dates, barley, raisins, rice or wheat.
1 saac = 4 mudd ≈ 3.0 litir
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
1 ṣā‘ = 4 mudd ≈ 3.0 litres
≈ 2.04 kg qamadi · ≈ 2.4 kg bariis
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
≈ 2.04 kg wheat · ≈ 2.4 kg rice
Ku bixi mug ahaan, ee ha ku bixin miisaan, halka aad awooddo.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Give by volume, not weight, where you can.
Lacag ahaan?
X wuxuu oggol yahay qiimaheeda oo lacag ah, tanina waa waxa ay ku dhaqmaan hay’adaha intooda badan maanta. M, Sh iyo Xb waxay shardi ka dhigaan cunto, sida nasku u cayimay.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Ḥ permits its value in money, and this is the practice of most institutions today. M, S and Ḥb require food, as the text specifies it.
Goorma
Waxaa ugu fiican subaxa Ciidda salaadda ka hor; waa la oggol yahay hal ama laba maalmood ka hor. Haddii la bixiyo salaadda ka dib waa sadaqo caadi ah, waajibkuna wuu sii taagan yahay.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Best on the morning of ‘Īd before the prayer; permitted a day or two earlier. Given after the prayer it is ordinary charity, and the obligation remains.
Bukhaari, Muslim · saxiix — xadiiska Ibn Cumarـؓ; Abuu Daawuud · xasan
Ujeeddadeedu: in soonka laga daahiriyo hadalka aan waxtarka lahayn iyo kan xun, iyo in masaakiinta la quudiyo si aysan ugu baahan inay wax weydiistaan maalinta Ciidda.
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Its purpose: to purify the fast of idle and indecent speech, and to feed the poor so that they need not ask on the day of ‘Īd.
08Soddonka maalmood
Calaamadee soonka la soomay, salaadda habeenkii la tukaday, iyo qaybta la akhriyay.
Ṣ
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Ṣ
Q
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Q
J
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
J
Ṣ
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Ṣ
Q
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
Q
J
Ingiriisiga daabacan, had iyo jeer waa la muujiyaa:
J
Ṣ soon · Q salaadda habeenkii · J qaybta maalinta. Xariiqyo culus ayaa calaamadiya habeennada kisiga ah ee tobanka ugu dambeeya.
Sadarrada geeska dhibcaha leh waa dhawaaqa Carabiga, oo xeer lagaga soo saaray shaqalladiisa. Kama yimaadaan daabacaadda, lamana hubin: meesha ay kaga duwan yihiin Carabiga, Carabiga ayaa sax ah.
Luqaddan, maktabadda waxaa lagu akhriyaa tarjumaad qabyo ah oo laga sameeyay daabacaadda Caalamiga ah. Mashiin ayaa ka sameeyay Carabiga iyo Ingiriisiga, weli caalim ama tifaftire afka hooyo ku hadla dib uma eegin. Carabigu waa isha; Ingiriisiga waa la ag muujin karaa. Halka cinwaan uu Qur’aanka ka soo xigto, macnaha la muujiyay waa erayada daabacaad la faafiyay, Somali Translation - Abdullah Hasan Yaqoub (QuranEnc.com), ee ma aha qabyo.
Daabac cinwaankan
Caalami · Carabi · Ingiriisi
Maxalli · Carabi · বাংলা · Ingiriisi
Ku daabac 100%, weligaa ha isticmaalin “fit to page” (bogga ku habee), haddii kale kaararku cabbirkooda uma laabmi doonaan.
Bilaash loo daabaco loona wadaago. Lama iibiyo.
Isla xilliyadaas loogu talagalay