Asking, rather, and the words that work like inna
How a question is asked, bal, "rather", the small words that, like inna, put the noun after them in the accusative, and laysa, "is not".
एआई ने लिखा और जाँचा है
ये सबक़ एआई ने लिखे और एआई ने ही जाँचे हैं, और अभी तक अरबी के किसी उस्ताद ने इन्हें नहीं पढ़ा है। आयतें, उनके मतलब और हर लफ़्ज़ का विश्लेषण अपने-अपने स्रोतों से लिए गए हैं, जिनके नाम वहीं दिए गए हैं जहाँ वे दिखाए जाते हैं।
यह सबक़ सिर्फ़ अंग्रेज़ी और बांग्ला में लिखा गया है, इसलिए यहाँ अंग्रेज़ी में दिखाया गया है।
- क़ुरआन के वे अल्फ़ाज़ जो पूरे मालूम हैं
- 49.2%
- अब तक सिखाए गए क़ुरआन के अल्फ़ाज़ के हिस्से
- 69.3%
Quranic Arabic Corpus से गिना गया: कोई लफ़्ज़ तब पूरा मालूम माना जाता है जब उसका हर हिस्सा सिखाया जा चुका हो। ये गिनतियाँ बताती हैं कि आप किन अल्फ़ाज़ से मिल चुके हैं, यह नहीं कि आप कितना समझते हैं।
Lesson 5 taught a-, which turns a sentence into a question. This lesson teaches more ways to ask, and bal, "rather". It also teaches the words that work like inna from lesson 4, which put the noun or pronoun after them in the accusative, and laysa, "is not".
The new words
- هَلजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: هَلْ · هَل · هَلِ
a question that asks yes or no
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 93
- كَيْفजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: كَيْفَ
how
मूल: ك ي فक़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 83
- أَمजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: أَمْ · أَ · أَمِ
or (in a question)
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 137
- بَلजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: بَلْ · بَل · بَلِ
rather; no, but
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 127
- لَٰكِنजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: لَٰكِن · لَٰكِنِ · لَٰكِنْ
but
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 73
- لَعَلّजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: لَعَلَّ · لَّعَلَّ
perhaps; so that
क़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 123
- لَّيْسَजैसे क़ुरआन इसे लिखता है: لَيْسَ · لَّيْسَ · لَسْ
is not
मूल: ل ي سक़ुरआन में कितनी बार: 89
Asking
Hal asks a question that is answered "yes" or "no".
- هَلْa question that asks yes or no
Kayfa is "how".
- كَيْفَhow
Am is "or" inside a question: "is it this, or that?". It can also open a question of its own after what was said before: "or …?".
Rather
- بَلْrather; no, but
Bal is "rather": it turns from what was said before to what is said in its place, or to something further. The corpus calls it a particle of retraction.
Like inna
Lākin, "but", is most often said with a single n. Then the corpus marks it as a particle of amendment, and it does not change the ending of what follows. Said with a doubled n, lākinna works like inna; the corpus counts most of those as a word of its own, not as this one.
Laʿalla, "perhaps" or "so that", works like inna: the noun after it is in the accusative, and a pronoun is joined to it. The corpus counts it with inna's kind.
- لَعَلَّperhaps; so that
- هُۥhim, his; it, its
Laʿallahu is laʿalla and hu, "he": "perhaps he".
Is not
Laysa, "is not", works like kāna, "was", from lesson 6: what is said of its subject is in the accusative. It has a past form only, but means "is not".
- لَّسْis not
- تَyou, your (one man)
Lasta is laysa with ta, "you": "you are not". Before ta, laysa is shortened to las-. The corpus marks it as a verb of kāna's kind. What is said of "you" here has bi- in front, bi-muṣayṭirin, and so is in the genitive: bi- is often set before what laysa says.
In a sentence
Is this your pen?
This sentence was written for practice. Hal hādhā qalamuka?: hal, then "this is your pen", and it is a question.
The house is not far.
Laysa l-baytu baʿīdan: "far" is in the accusative, baʿīdan, after laysa.
Reading
इस सबक़ के बाद जो अल्फ़ाज़ आप पूरे जानते हैं, उन पर निशान लगा है।
फिर उनके बद हमने तुम्हें धरती में उत्तराधिकारी बनाया, ताकि हम देखें कि तुम कैसे कार्य करते हो?
Hindi Translation - Azizul Haq Al-Omari · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.5या हमने उन्हें इससे पहले कोई पुस्तक प्रदान की है? तो वे उसे दृढ़ता से थामने वाले हैं?[7]
Hindi Translation - Azizul Haq Al-Omari · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.5उन्होंने कहा : (डरो नहीं) बल्कि हम तुम्हारे पास वह चीज़ लेकर आए हैं, जिसमें वे संदेह किया करते थे।
Hindi Translation - Azizul Haq Al-Omari · QuranEnc.com · version 1.1.5Recall
- What kind of question does hal ask?
- What case is the noun after laʿalla in?
- How does laysa change what is said of its subject?
Answers: one answered "yes" or "no"; the accusative; it puts it in the accusative, as kāna does, unless bi- stands before it.
Next
The next lesson teaches eight common verbs, and what happens to a verb whose root has a weak letter or a hamzah.
अल्फ़ाज़ का विश्लेषण: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)