Better than: saying more, with min
How Arabic compares two things, and eight common nouns with it, two of them given no meaning by the course.
Écrit et vérifié par l’IA
Ces leçons ont été écrites et vérifiées par l’IA, et aucun professeur d’arabe ne les a encore lues. Les versets, leurs sens et l’analyse de chaque mot sont tirés de leurs sources, nommées là où ils sont montrés.
Cette leçon n’est écrite qu’en anglais et en bengali ; elle est donc montrée ici en anglais.
- Mots du Coran connus en entier
- 64,4 %
- Parties des mots du Coran enseignées jusqu’ici
- 78,5 %
Compté d’après le Quranic Arabic Corpus : un mot est connu en entier quand chacune de ses parties a été enseignée. Les chiffres disent quels mots vous avez rencontrés, non ce que vous comprenez.
Arabic compares two things with a word of comparison, then min from lesson 3. This lesson teaches that, and eight common nouns, two of which are themselves words of comparison.
The new words
- خَيْرTel que le Coran l’écrit: خَيْرٌ · خَيْرًا · خَيْرُ
good; better
Racine: خ ي رOccurrences dans le Coran: 178
- أَكْثَرTel que le Coran l’écrit: أَكْثَرَ · أَكْثَرُ · أَكْثَرِ
more, most
Racine: ك ث رOccurrences dans le Coran: 80
- أَحَدTel que le Coran l’écrit: أَحَدٍ · أَحَدًا · أَحَدٌ
Aucun sens n’est donné ici : ce mot porte la religion, et son sens se lit dans les versets, avec leur sens à côté.
Racine: ا ح دOccurrences dans le Coran: 74
- مِثْلTel que le Coran l’écrit: مِثْلَ · مِّثْلُ · مِثْلِ
like, the like of
Racine: م ث لOccurrences dans le Coran: 75
- مَثَلTel que le Coran l’écrit: مَثَلُ · مَثَلًا · مَثَلِ
likeness, example
Racine: م ث لOccurrences dans le Coran: 88
- عَمَلTel que le Coran l’écrit: أَعْمَٰلَ · أَعْمَٰلُ · عَمَلِ
deed, work
Racine: ع م لOccurrences dans le Coran: 71
- أَجْرTel que le Coran l’écrit: أَجْرًا · أَجْرَ · أَجْرٌ
wage, reward
Racine: ا ج رOccurrences dans le Coran: 105
- فَضْلTel que le Coran l’écrit: فَضْلِ · فَضْلُ · فَضْلٍ
Aucun sens n’est donné ici : ce mot porte la religion, et son sens se lit dans les versets, avec leur sens à côté.
Racine: ف ض لOccurrences dans le Coran: 84
Two of them, aḥad and faḍl, carry the religion in the Qur’ān's use of them: the course gives no meaning of its own for either, and you read them in the verses, with the edition's meaning beside them.
Better than
Khayr is "good" and, when it compares with min, "better".
La Nuit des décrets divins est plus bénie que mille mois réunis[3].
French Translation - Rachid Maach · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.3Khayrun is the third word of this verse, and min is the fourth: khayrun min, "better than". The corpus marks khayr masculine singular and nominative, with tanwīn, and marks laylah, the noun it is said of, feminine: compared with min, it stays masculine singular.
This house is better than that one.
This sentence was written for practice. Hādhā l-baytu khayrun min dhālika: "this house", then "better than", then "that one".
A pattern for more
The usual word of comparison is built on a pattern with a- in front of the root: a before the first letter, and a between the last two. From the root k-th-r, of kathīr in lesson 21, comes akthar: "more" and "most".
- أَكْثَرُmore, most
- هُمْthey (as the doer of a verb); them, their
Aktharuhum is akthar and hum: "most of them". The corpus marks it masculine singular, nominative. Before min, akthar is "more"; with a pronoun joined to it, as here, it is "most", and no min follows.
A word read in the verses
- أَحَدٌ
Aḥadun: the corpus marks it indefinite, nominative. Lam, from lesson 4, is two words before it in the verse.
Like, as a noun
Lesson 10 taught ka-, "like", joined to the front of a word. Mithl says the same as a noun of its own, and joins what follows as an iḍāfah or takes a pronoun.
- مِثْلُlike, the like of
- هَاher; it, its (for a word that is feminine)
Mithluhā is mithlu and hā, "it" or "her". The corpus marks mithl masculine, nominative.
Mathal is another noun from the same root, m-th-l: "a likeness" or "an example".
- مَثَلُlikeness, example
Mathalu: the corpus marks it nominative. It has no tanwīn, because it is the first noun of an iḍāfah.
Three nouns
ʿAmal, "deed" or "work", is the noun of ʿamila from lesson 7.
- أَعْمَٰلَdeed, work
- هُمْthey (as the doer of a verb); them, their
Aʿmālahum is aʿmāla and hum: the corpus gives it the lemma ʿamal, and marks it masculine plural, accusative. It is a broken plural.
- أَجْرٌwage, reward
Ajrun, indefinite and nominative.
- فَضْلُ
Faḍlu, nominative, with no tanwīn: it is the first noun of an iḍāfah.
Reading
Les mots que vous connaissez en entier après cette leçon sont signalés.
et que l’homme se demandera ce qui lui arrive,
French Translation - Rachid Maach · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.3Dis : « Allah est la seule et unique divinité.
French Translation - Rachid Maach · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.3Voilà un signe parfaitement clair pour les croyants.
French Translation - Rachid Maach · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.3Recall
- Which small word follows a word of comparison when it compares two things?
- What pattern does akthar have?
- What is mithl, beside ka-?
Answers: min; a- in front of the root, and a between its last two letters; a noun, where ka- is joined to the word after it.
Next
The last lesson of this stage teaches how a sentence with a verb is ordered, and eight more words read in the verses.
Analyse des mots: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)