Asking, rather, and the words that work like inna
How a question is asked, bal, "rather", the small words that, like inna, put the noun after them in the accusative, and laysa, "is not".
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- Perkataan al-Quran yang diketahui sepenuhnya
- 49.2%
- Bahagian perkataan al-Quran yang sudah diajarkan
- 69.3%
Dikira daripada Quranic Arabic Corpus: sesuatu perkataan diketahui sepenuhnya apabila setiap bahagiannya sudah diajarkan. Bilangan ini menunjukkan perkataan yang telah anda temui, bukan sejauh mana anda memahaminya.
Lesson 5 taught a-, which turns a sentence into a question. This lesson teaches more ways to ask, and bal, "rather". It also teaches the words that work like inna from lesson 4, which put the noun or pronoun after them in the accusative, and laysa, "is not".
The new words
- هَلSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: هَلْ · هَل · هَلِ
a question that asks yes or no
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 93
- كَيْفSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: كَيْفَ
how
Kata akar: ك ي فKekerapan dalam al-Quran: 83
- أَمSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: أَمْ · أَ · أَمِ
or (in a question)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 137
- بَلSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: بَلْ · بَل · بَلِ
rather; no, but
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 127
- لَٰكِنSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: لَٰكِن · لَٰكِنِ · لَٰكِنْ
but
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 73
- لَعَلّSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: لَعَلَّ · لَّعَلَّ
perhaps; so that
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 123
- لَّيْسَSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: لَيْسَ · لَّيْسَ · لَسْ
is not
Kata akar: ل ي سKekerapan dalam al-Quran: 89
Asking
Hal asks a question that is answered "yes" or "no".
- هَلْa question that asks yes or no
Kayfa is "how".
- كَيْفَhow
Am is "or" inside a question: "is it this, or that?". It can also open a question of its own after what was said before: "or …?".
Rather
- بَلْrather; no, but
Bal is "rather": it turns from what was said before to what is said in its place, or to something further. The corpus calls it a particle of retraction.
Like inna
Lākin, "but", is most often said with a single n. Then the corpus marks it as a particle of amendment, and it does not change the ending of what follows. Said with a doubled n, lākinna works like inna; the corpus counts most of those as a word of its own, not as this one.
Laʿalla, "perhaps" or "so that", works like inna: the noun after it is in the accusative, and a pronoun is joined to it. The corpus counts it with inna's kind.
- لَعَلَّperhaps; so that
- هُۥhim, his; it, its
Laʿallahu is laʿalla and hu, "he": "perhaps he".
Is not
Laysa, "is not", works like kāna, "was", from lesson 6: what is said of its subject is in the accusative. It has a past form only, but means "is not".
- لَّسْis not
- تَyou, your (one man)
Lasta is laysa with ta, "you": "you are not". Before ta, laysa is shortened to las-. The corpus marks it as a verb of kāna's kind. What is said of "you" here has bi- in front, bi-muṣayṭirin, and so is in the genitive: bi- is often set before what laysa says.
In a sentence
Is this your pen?
This sentence was written for practice. Hal hādhā qalamuka?: hal, then "this is your pen", and it is a question.
The house is not far.
Laysa l-baytu baʿīdan: "far" is in the accusative, baʿīdan, after laysa.
Reading
Perkataan yang anda ketahui sepenuhnya selepas pelajaran ini ditandakan.
Kemudian Kami jadikan kamu (wahai umat Muhammad) khalifah-khalifah di bumi menggantikan mereka yang telah dibinasakan itu, supaya Kami melihat apa pula corak dan bentuk kelakuan yang kamu akan lakukan.
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Pernahkah Kami memberikan mereka sebelum Al-Quran ini sebuah Kitab (yang membenarkan dakwaan mereka), lalu mereka berpegang teguh kepada kitab itu?
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Mereka menjawab: “(Kedatangan kami bukan untuk mendukacitakanmu) bahkan kami datang kepadamu untuk membawa azab yang mereka ragu-ragukan kebenarannya.
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Recall
- What kind of question does hal ask?
- What case is the noun after laʿalla in?
- How does laysa change what is said of its subject?
Answers: one answered "yes" or "no"; the accusative; it puts it in the accusative, as kāna does, unless bi- stands before it.
Next
The next lesson teaches eight common verbs, and what happens to a verb whose root has a weak letter or a hamzah.
Analisis perkataan: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)