If, when and will not
The words of the Qur’ān for "if" and "when", which tell apart what happened, what will happen and what never did, and lan, "will not".
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- Perkataan al-Quran yang diketahui sepenuhnya
- 48.3%
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- 68.7%
Dikira daripada Quranic Arabic Corpus: sesuatu perkataan diketahui sepenuhnya apabila setiap bahagiannya sudah diajarkan. Bilangan ini menunjukkan perkataan yang telah anda temui, bukan sejauh mana anda memahaminya.
English has one "if" and one "when". Arabic has several, and each says something about time: whether a thing has happened, will happen, or did not happen at all. Lesson 4 taught in, "if", and lesson 8 idhā, "when", most often of what is to come. This lesson teaches the others.
The new words
- لَوSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: لَوْ · لَّوْ · لَوِ
if (of what did not or will not happen)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 201
- لَوْلَآSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: لَوْلَا · لَوْلَآ · لَّوْلَا
if it were not for; why not
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 75
- إِذSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: إِذْ · إِذِ · إِذ
when (of what has happened)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 239
- لَمَّاSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: لَمَّا · لَمَّآ · لَّمَّا
when (once it had happened)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 156
- يَوْمَئِذSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: يَوْمَئِذٍ · يَوْمَئِذٍۭ · يَوْمِئِذٍ
on that day
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 70
- لَنSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: لَن · لَّن · لَنْ
will not (before a present verb)
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 106
If it were so
Law is "if", of what is not so, or of what did not happen.
- لَوْif (of what did not or will not happen)
The corpus marks law as a word of condition.
Lawlā is law with lā: "if it were not for", and, before a verb, "why not?".
When it happened
Idh is "when", of what has happened.
- إِذْwhen (of what has happened)
The corpus marks idh as a word of time. Lammā before a past verb is also "when", once a thing had happened. Before a present verb, lammā is "not yet"; the corpus most often counts that lammā with lam, from lesson 4, and not as this word.
On that day
- يَوْمَئِذٍon that day
Yawmaʾidhin is yawma, "on the day", from lesson 9, with idh, which takes -in here, written as one word with it: "on that day". The corpus keeps it as one word of time.
Will not
Lan stands before a verb in its present form and denies the future: "will not". The verb after it ends in a, the subjunctive; a verb that ends in -ūna loses its -na.
- لَّنwill not (before a present verb)
In a sentence
I will not go.
This sentence was written for practice. Lan adhhaba: "I will not go". Adhhabu, "I go", ends in a after lan.
Reading
Perkataan yang anda ketahui sepenuhnya selepas pelajaran ini ditandakan.
Segala yang ada di langit dan di bumi adalah kepunyaanNya. Dan sesungguhnya Allah, Dia lah jua Yang Maha Kaya, lagi Maha Terpuji.
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Dan apabila dikatakan kepada mereka: “Janganlah kamu membuat bencana dan kerosakan di muka bumi”, mereka menjawab: “Sesungguhnya kami orang-orang yang hanya membuat kebaikan”.
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Sebenarnya orang-orang yang terdahulu daripada mereka telah juga mengatakan yang demikian maka segala yang mereka usahakan itu tidak dapat menyelamatkan mereka (dari azab Allah).
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Recall
- Which "when" is for what has happened?
- What does lan deny?
- What is yawmaʾidhin made of?
Answers: idh; the future, "will not"; yawma, "on the day", and idh.
Next
The next lesson teaches how a question is asked, bal, "rather", and the words that work like inna.
Analisis perkataan: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)