Names: one ending for two cases
Eight of the commonest names of the Qur’ān, the ending that sets many of them apart from most other nouns, and which names show it.
Ditulis dan diperiksa oleh AI
Pelajaran ini ditulis dan diperiksa oleh AI, dan belum ada guru bahasa Arab yang membacanya. Ayat-ayat, maknanya dan analisis setiap perkataan diambil daripada sumber masing-masing, yang dinamakan di tempat ia dipaparkan.
Pelajaran ini hanya ditulis dalam bahasa Inggeris dan bahasa Bengali, jadi ia dipaparkan di sini dalam bahasa Inggeris.
- Perkataan al-Quran yang diketahui sepenuhnya
- 62.8%
- Bahagian perkataan al-Quran yang sudah diajarkan
- 77.5%
Dikira daripada Quranic Arabic Corpus: sesuatu perkataan diketahui sepenuhnya apabila setiap bahagiannya sudah diajarkan. Bilangan ini menunjukkan perkataan yang telah anda temui, bukan sejauh mana anda memahaminya.
Most names are definite simply by being names: they take no al-, and the corpus marks them as proper nouns. Many of the Qur’ān's names also do something most other nouns do not. This lesson teaches that, with eight of the names the Qur’ān uses most. The course gives a person's name as it is said, and says nothing of who the person was: that is read in the verses, with the edition's meaning beside them.
The new words
- مُوسَىٰSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: مُوسَىٰ · مُوسَىٰٓ · مُوسَى
Mūsā, a name
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 136
- فِرْعَوْنSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: فِرْعَوْنَ · فِرْعَوْنُ
Firʿawn, a name
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 74
- إِبْرَاهِيمSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: إِبْرَٰهِيمَ · إِبْرَٰهِۦمَ · إِبْرَٰهِيمُ
Ibrāhīm, a name
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 69
- إِسْرَائِيلSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ · إِسْرَٰٓءِيلُ
Isrāʾīl, a name
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 43
- نُوحSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: نُوحٍ · نُوحًا · نُوحٌ
Nūḥ, a name
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 43
- مَرْيَمSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: مَرْيَمَ · مَرْيَمُ
Maryam, a name
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 34
- قُرْءَانSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: قُرْءَانَ · قُرْءَانِ · قُرْءَانُ
Tiada makna diberikan di sini: perkataan ini membawa agama, dan maknanya dibaca dalam ayat-ayat, dengan makna di sebelahnya.
Kata akar: ق ر اKekerapan dalam al-Quran: 70
- جَهَنَّمSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: جَهَنَّمَ · جَهَنَّمُ
Tiada makna diberikan di sini: perkataan ini membawa agama, dan maknanya dibaca dalam ayat-ayat, dengan makna di sebelahnya.
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 77
Two of them, al-qurʾān and jahannam, carry the religion: the course gives no meaning of its own for either, and you read them in the verses, with the edition's meaning beside them.
No tanwīn, and -a for the genitive
Most of these names take no tanwīn, and have one ending, -a, for both the accusative and the genitive. In the nominative they end in -u as other nouns do. Grammar calls such a noun mamnūʿ min aṣ-ṣarf, "kept from a part of its endings".
- فِرْعَوْنُFirʿawn, a name
Firʿawnu: the corpus marks it nominative, and it ends in u.
- فِرْعَوْنَFirʿawn, a name
Firʿawna: the corpus marks it genitive, after ilā, and it ends in a.
- وَand
- إِبْرَٰهِيمَIbrāhīm, a name
Wa-ibrāhīma is wa and ibrāhīma: the corpus marks this one accusative.
- وَand
- إِبْرَٰهِيمَIbrāhīm, a name
Wa-ibrāhīma again, and the same a: the corpus marks this one genitive. The word is written alike, and the sentence tells you its case.
- إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَIsrāʾīl, a name
Isrāʾīla, genitive, with a.
- مَرْيَمَMaryam, a name
Maryama, genitive, with a.
- وَand
- مَرْيَمَMaryam, a name
Wa-maryama, accusative, with a.
- جَهَنَّمَ
Jahannama, genitive, with a.
Mūsā
A name ending in a long -ā shows no case at all.
- مُوسَىٰMūsā, a name
Mūsā: the corpus marks it nominative.
- وَand
- مُوسَىٰMūsā, a name
Wa-mūsā: the corpus marks it genitive, and it is written the same.
Iaitu Kitab-kitab Nabi Ibrahim dan Nabi Musa.
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0In this verse the two stand side by side, joined by wa. Ibrāhīma shows the genitive with a, and mūsā shows nothing.
Nūḥ: a short name
A short name of three letters with a long vowel in the middle may take its endings as other nouns do, with tanwīn. Nūḥ is one.
- نُوحٌNūḥ, a name
Nūḥun: nominative.
- نُوحًاNūḥ, a name
Nūḥan: accusative.
- نُوحٍNūḥ, a name
Nūḥin: genitive.
Lesson 24 taught tanwīn as the ending of a noun that is not definite. This one does not make the name indefinite: the corpus marks none of these three as indefinite.
With al-
Qurʾān takes al- in most of its places, and then it has the three endings of any noun with al-, -u, -a and -i.
- ٱلْthe
- قُرْءَانُ
Al-qurʾānu: the corpus marks it as a proper noun, nominative.
- قُرْءَانٌ
Qurʾānun, with no al- and with tanwīn: the corpus marks it as a proper noun, and here it does mark it indefinite.
Reading
Perkataan yang anda ketahui sepenuhnya selepas pelajaran ini ditandakan.
Allah Taala berfirman: “Campakkanlah tongkatmu itu wahai Musa!”
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0“Dan apa (bendanya) yang di tangan kananmu itu wahai Musa?”
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0(Setelah mereka menyampaikan perintah Allah itu), Firaun berkata: “Jika demikian, siapakah Tuhan kamu berdua, hai Musa?”
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Recall
- Which ending do most of these names have in the genitive?
- Why does Mūsā show no case?
- Which two names of this lesson take tanwīn?
Answers: -a; it ends in a long -ā; Nūḥ and Qurʾān.
Next
The next lesson teaches eight more small words: "she", "I", "which" and others.
Analisis perkataan: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)