Who, which, this, that, he and they
The words that point to a person or a thing, the pronouns that stand on their own, and the letter that asks a question.
Ditulis dan diperiksa oleh AI
Pelajaran ini ditulis dan diperiksa oleh AI, dan belum ada guru bahasa Arab yang membacanya. Ayat-ayat, maknanya dan analisis setiap perkataan diambil daripada sumber masing-masing, yang dinamakan di tempat ia dipaparkan.
Pelajaran ini hanya ditulis dalam bahasa Inggeris dan bahasa Bengali, jadi ia dipaparkan di sini dalam bahasa Inggeris.
- Perkataan al-Quran yang diketahui sepenuhnya
- 29.1%
- Bahagian perkataan al-Quran yang sudah diajarkan
- 56%
Dikira daripada Quranic Arabic Corpus: sesuatu perkataan diketahui sepenuhnya apabila setiap bahagiannya sudah diajarkan. Bilangan ini menunjukkan perkataan yang telah anda temui, bukan sejauh mana anda memahaminya.
The second lesson's pronouns are joined to a word. Arabic also has pronouns that stand on their own, words that point ("this", "that"), and words that stand for a person or a thing ("who", "the one who"). This lesson teaches the commonest of them, and the one-letter word that turns a sentence into a question.
The new words
- ٱلَّذِىSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: ٱلَّذِينَ · ٱلَّذِى · لَّذِينَ
who, which, that: the one who
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 1464
- مَنSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: مَن · مَنْ · مَّن
who; the one who, whoever
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 871
- ذَٰلِكSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: ذَٰلِكَ · تِلْكَ · ذَٰلِكُمْ
that
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 520
- هَٰذَاSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: هَٰذَا · هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ · هَٰذَآ
this; these
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 318
- هُوَSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: هُوَ
he, it
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 481
- هُمْSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: هُمْ
they
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 585
- أَSeperti yang ditulis al-Quran: أَ · ءَ
a question: it asks about what follows
Kekerapan dalam al-Quran: 513
The one who
Alladhī is "the one who" or "which", and it begins a description of someone or something. It changes its shape for the number and gender of who it describes: alladhīna is "those who".
- ٱلَّذِينَwho, which, that: the one who
The corpus gives alladhīna the lemma alladhī, and marks it as masculine and plural.
Man is "who". Most often in the Qur’ān it means "the one who" or "whoever"; less often it asks "who?".
This and that
Hādhā is "this", for what is near, and dhālika is "that", for what is further off.
- ذَٰلِكَthat
This is my pen.
This sentence was written for practice. Hādhā qalamī: "this", then qalam, "pen", with ī, "my", from the second lesson. Arabic needs no word for "is" in a sentence like this one.
He and they
Huwa is "he" or "it", standing on its own, and hum is "they".
Katakanlah (wahai Muhammad): “(Tuhanku) ialah Allah Yang Maha Esa;
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0The second word of this verse is huwa. The corpus gives huwa no lemma; it names it by its person, gender and number, as it names the joined pronouns.
Asking
A-, the letter hamzah written on an alif and joined to the front of a word, makes a sentence a question.
- أَa question: it asks about what follows
- لَمْdid not (before a present verb, it denies the past)
A-lam is a-, the question, and lam, "did not", from the last lesson: "did … not?".
Reading
Perkataan yang anda ketahui sepenuhnya selepas pelajaran ini ditandakan.
Dan yang demikian itu tidaklah sukar bagi Allah melakukannya.
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Yang mereka (ragu-ragu dan) berselisihan mengenainya.
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Dan mereka (sentiasa berada dalam azab seksanya), tidak ghaib daripadanya.
Malay Translation - Abdullah Basumayyah · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.0Recall
- What is the difference between hādhā and dhālika?
- What lemma does the corpus give alladhīna?
- What does a- do at the front of a word?
Answers: hādhā is "this", for what is near, and dhālika "that", for what is further; alladhī; it makes the sentence a question.
Next
The next lesson teaches the first verbs: "said", "was", "made", "came" and "knew".
Analisis perkataan: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)