Every thing, between, before, then, or and when
Eight common words of the Qur’ān, and the construct: two nouns joined so that the first belongs to the second.
Written and checked by AI
These lessons were written and checked by AI, and no teacher of Arabic has read them yet. The verses, their meanings and the analysis of every word are taken from their sources, which are named where they are shown.
- Words of the Qur’ān known whole
- 38.7%
- Parts of the Qur’ān’s words taught so far
- 62.1%
Counted from the Quranic Arabic Corpus: a word is known whole when every part of it has been taught. The counts say which words you have met, not how much you understand.
This lesson teaches eight common words: "every" and "thing"; "before", "then" and "when", for time and order; and "between", "or" and "that", for how things stand to each other. It also teaches the way Arabic joins two nouns so that the first is "of" the second.
The new words
- كُلّAs the Qur’ān writes it: كُلِّ · كُلَّ · كُلُّ
every, each, all
Root: ك ل لTimes in the Qur’ān: 359
- شَىْءAs the Qur’ān writes it: شَىْءٍ · شَيْـًٔا · شَىْءٌ
thing
Root: ش ي اTimes in the Qur’ān: 283
- بَيْنAs the Qur’ān writes it: بَيْنَ · بَيْنِ · بَّيْنَ
between
Root: ب ي نTimes in the Qur’ān: 266
- قَبْلAs the Qur’ān writes it: قَبْلِ · قَبْلُ · قَبْلَ
before
Root: ق ب لTimes in the Qur’ān: 242
- ثُمّAs the Qur’ān writes it: ثُمَّ
then, after that
Times in the Qur’ān: 338
- أَوAs the Qur’ān writes it: أَوْ · أَوِ · أَو
or
Times in the Qur’ān: 280
- إِذَاAs the Qur’ān writes it: إِذَا · إِذَآ · ءِذَا
when; if (most often of what is still to come)
Times in the Qur’ān: 409
- أَنّAs the Qur’ān writes it: أَنَّ · أَنِّ · إِنَّ
that (it gives weight to what follows, as inna does)
Times in the Qur’ān: 362
Two nouns joined
When two nouns stand together and the first is "of" the second, Arabic calls it iḍāfah. The first noun drops al- and the ending -n; the second takes the genitive ending, most often i. "Every thing" is kullu shayʾin: kullu, "every", then shayʾin, "thing", in the genitive.
But We have enumerated everything in a record[1].
English Translation - Rowwad Translation Center · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.20This verse opens wa-kulla shayʾin: "and every thing", with kulla in the accusative, as the corpus marks it, and shayʾin in the genitive. The second noun is always in the genitive; the first takes whatever ending its place in the sentence asks for.
- لِfor, to, belonging to; so that (before a verb); surely (in some sentences)
- كُلِّevery, each, all
Li-kulli is li, "for", from the first lesson, and kulli, in the genitive after it.
Then, or, when
- ثُمَّthen, after that
Thumma is "then": it joins two things and says the second comes after the first.
- أَوْor
Aw is "or".
- إِذَاwhen; if (most often of what is still to come)
Idhā is "when", most often of what is still to come. The corpus marks it as a word of time.
That
Anna is a word of its own, and works like inna from the fourth lesson: the corpus counts it among the words of inna's kind, and the word after it takes the accusative, as after inna. Where inna gives weight to a sentence, anna is "that", and makes what follows part of a longer sentence.
- أَنَّthat (it gives weight to what follows, as inna does)
- هُمthey (as the doer of a verb); them, their
Annahum is anna and hum, "they": "that they".
In a sentence
I work every day.
This sentence was written for practice. Kulla yawmin, "every day": kull, then the noun it belongs to, in the genitive.
Reading
The words you know whole after this lesson are marked.
Does he not know that Allah sees all?
English Translation - Rowwad Translation Center · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.20and you will only be recompensed for what you used to do,
English Translation - Rowwad Translation Center · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.20When they saw the believers, they would say, “These people are truly misguided,”
English Translation - Rowwad Translation Center · QuranEnc.com · version 1.0.20Recall
- What happens to the first of two nouns joined in an iḍāfah?
- What ending does the second noun take?
- How is "that they" written?
Answers: it drops al- and the ending -n; the genitive, most often i; annahum.
Next
The next lesson teaches the earth, the sky, the day, a people, nafs and people, and how Arabic marks a noun feminine or plural.
Word analysis: Quranic Arabic Corpus 0.4 (Kais Dukes)